Fig. 6. Multistage transformation of representations from encoding to maintenance and retrieval.

(A) Dynamicity index (di) map during maintenance for subsequently remembered and forgotten items. (B) Averaged di across the two maintenance temporal dimensions in (A). A greater dynamicity for subsequently remembered than forgotten items was found in the first 350 ms of the maintenance period (indicated by the shared area). (C) Correlation of the neural activity in the last 10 encoding time windows (central points of these time windows are indicated by the green horizontal bar) with neural activity in the last second of encoding and the first second of maintenance (i.e., early maintenance), separately for subsequently remembered and forgotten items. The black dashed line indicates the time point of stimulus offset. The time interval between the two gray lines reflects the sliding time windows with mixed time points from both encoding and maintenance periods, which were not included in the statistical analysis. A linear fit was applied to the correlation values during the last encoding interval and in the early maintenance interval with equal length (indicated by the horizontal black lines), respectively. (D) Comparisons of the coefficients of linear fit during the last second of encoding interval and the first second of maintenance. Dots indicate representational changing slopes of individual participants. (E) Comparisons between item specificity of EES, EMS, and ERS and between item specificity of MRS and ERS, within clusters of the same size. (F) Same comparisons when including identical percentages of top indexes showing greatest item specificity. Error bars indicate 1 SEM. *P < 0.05.