Table 2.
Numbers of HZ infection in biologics group and non-biologics group.
| Study | Biologic treatment group (patients no.) | Numbers of HZ infection in biologic treatments | Non-biologic treatment group (patients no.) | Numbers of HZ infection in nonbiologic treatments |
| Dreiher et al 2012 | Adalimumab (129) Etanercept (271) Infliximab (112) Alefacept (71) Efalizumab (41) | 0 4 2 0 0 | UVB (1074) PUVA (1074) Acitretin (2497) Cyclosporine (94) MTX (1382) Corticosteroids (839) Control (14,746) | 6 11 13 4 24 22 68 |
| Kalb et al 2015 | Adalimumab (2675) Etanercept (1854) Infliximab (1151) Ustekinumab (3474) | 1 2 0 1 | MTX (490) NonMTX/Nonbiologics∗ (1610) | 0 0 |
| Leonardi et al 2008 | Ustekinumab (511) | 1 | Placebo (255) | 0 |
| Levandoski et al 2018 | Biologics† (2258) | 23 | Nonbiological systemic therapies‡ (3631) | 33 |
| Megna et al 2016 | Adalimumab (102) Etanercept (82) Infliximab (12) Golimumab (3) Ustekinumab (67) | 2 0 0 0 0 | Topical treatments (52) Phototherapy (23) Acitretin (29) Cyclosporine (65) MTX (67) | 0 0 0 1 0 |
| Papp et al 2017 | Ixekizumab (4209) Etanercept (739) | 5 4 | Placebo (1553) | 4 |
| Shalom et al 2015 | Adalimumab (719) Etanercept (1030) Infliximab (392) Efalizumab (38) Alefacept (21) Ustekinumab (63) Methotrexate and biologics (739) | 7 13 8 0 0 2 16 | UVB (2895) PUVA (1063) Acitretin (4094) Cyclosporine (148) MTX (4320) Control (94073) | 36 11 27 3 54 826 |
| Shalom et al 2019 | TNF-α inhibitors§ (5076) Ustekinumab (2704) | 13 8 | MTX (1201) NonMTX∗ /Nonbiologics (1488) | 2 2 |
| Zisman et al 2016 | TNF-α inhibitors§ (587) TNF-α inhibitors + c-DMARD (427) | 5 8 | No DMARDs (1066) c-DMARDs (2156) | 8 20 |
c-DMARDs = conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, HZ = Herpes Zoster, MTX = methotrexate, TNF-α inhibitors = tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors.
∗
NonMTX/Nonbiologics included topical therapy, phototherapy, systemic steroids, acitretin, and cyclosporine.
†
Biologics included adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, ustekinumab, golimumab, certolizumab, tocilizumab, abatacept, anakinra, and rituximab.
‡
Nonbiological systemic therapies included methotrexate, retinoids, cyclosporine, hydroxyurea, mycophenolate mofetil, sulfasalazine, and thioguanine.
§
TNF-α inhibitors included adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, and golimumab.