Table 1. Showing rise in platelet count in response to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy.

Authors Name	year of study	Country of study	Diagnostic criteria H-pylori detection	Pre-Treatment platelets count	Treatment given	Post-treatment platelets count
Maghbool et al. [41]	2009	Iran	All patients with positive stool antigen test (ELISA) for H-pylori infection. All patients were diagnosed cases of ITP.	The median platelet count was 18.6 × 109/L.	Triple Therapy (omeprazole 1 mg/kg/day, metronidazole 30 mg/kg/day, amoxicillin 60 mg/kg/day) for 14 days and follow-up for one year.	Median platelets count increased to 79.2 × 109/L after a one-year follow-up.
Goto et al. [42]	2001	Japan	A 53 years old female known case of ITP with positive H-pylori infection on GI-endoscopy (showing superficial gastritis) and positive rapid urease test and positive histology for H-pylori infection.	The platelet count before H-pylori eradication therapy was 24 × 109/L.	Triple therapy (amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily, lansoprazole 60 mg once per day) for 14 days.	Following treatment with triple therapy, the platelets count increased from 24 × 109 to 134 × 109/L.
Hwang et al. [43]	2016	Korea	All 102 diagnosed patients of chronic ITP had 39 patients positive for H-pylori infection on the C-13 urea breath test (UBT).	The platelets count before eradication therapy was 40.3 ± 29.1 ×103/µL (40.3 ± 29.1 × 109/L) for patients with HPPE group (n = 39).	Triple therapy (rabeprazole 20 mg twice daily, amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily) for 7 days.	The platelets count after 2-months of follow-up following eradication therapy was 104.1 ± 47.4 × 103/µL, and that rose to 155.3 ± 68.7 × 103/µL (155.3 ± 68.7 × 109/L) after 6-months of follow-up in patients with the HPPE group.
Veneri et al. [44]	2002	Italy	All patients with diagnosed cases of ITP and positive for H-pylori infection on biopsy and UBT.	The platelets count before eradication therapy was 51.6 × 109/L.	Triple therapy (amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily, pantoprazole 40 mg once per day) for 7-days.	Following treatment with H-pylori eradication therapy, the platelets count increased to 143.3 × 109/L with a P-value of 0.01.
Aljarad et al. [16]	2018	Syria	All 50 patients diagnosed cases of chronic ITP were diagnosed with H-pylori infection. Out of 50 patients, 36 were diagnosed with H-pylori infection based on biopsies taken by EGD and Urea breath test (UBT).	At the beginning of the therapy, the mean value of platelets was 46.25 ± 17.7 × 109/L in patients with H-pylori positive group (n = 36). Similarly, the mean value of platelet count in patients with the H-pylori negative group was 25.21 ± 8.4 × 109/L.	Triple therapy (omeprazole 40 mg once per day, amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily) for 14 days.	Following treatment at the end of the first month, the mean value of platelet count was 67.9 × 109/L in patients with H-pylori positive group compared to 28.28 × 109/L in H-pylori negative patients. At the end of the third month, the mean platelets count was 112.13 × 109/L in H-pylori + patients, and at the end of the sixth month, the mean platelets count in H-pylori + patients were 98.66 × 109/L.
Samson et al. [45] (case-1)	2012	Netherland	A 75 years old male known case of ITP and positive for H-pylori infection diagnosed through UBT.	Before the start of the eradication therapy, the platelet count was 7000 cells/mL of blood.	The patient was given corticosteroids and immunoglobulins, but no improvement was observed. The patient was also given triple therapy (omeprazole 40 mg once a day, amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily).	After four months of follow-up following H-pylori eradication therapy, the platelets count increased from 7000 cells/mL to 140000 cells/mL, and UBT also becomes negative.
Samson et al. [45] (case-2)	2012	Netherland	A 47 years old male presented with renal colic, and an incidental diagnosis of ITP was made. The test for detection of H-pylori infection (UBT) was positive.	At the start of treatment patient's platelet count was 15000 cells/mL of blood.	The patient was given triple therapy (omeprazole 40 mg once a day, amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily). The patient was also given quadruple therapy after the relapse of the disease.	Following triple therapy, platelets count increased up to 100000 cells/mL within one and a half month with relapse after few months with platelets count falls to 51000 cells/mL, and UBT was also positive. However, following quadruple therapy, platelets count become 125000 cells/mL of blood within 5 months and remain stable after UBT being negative.

Note: H-pylori: Helicobacter pylori, UBT: Urea breath test, ITP: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura, EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HPPE group: H-pylori positive eradication group.