Table 2.

Hazard ratios for the association of blood pressure variability with cardiovascular outcomes.

	Model-1 Age Adjustment		Model-2 Multivariate Adjustment		Model-3 Model 2 + Cumulative mean BP
Primary CVD outcome (n = 879)	HR (95% C.I.)	P-value	HR (95% C.I.)	P-value	HR (95% C.I.)	P-value
CV-SBP	1.13 (1.09–1.17)	<0.001	1.08 (1.04–1.13)	<0.001	1.07 (1.03–1.11)	0.002
CV-DBP	1.19 (1.12–1.25)	<0.001	1.13 (1.05–1.20)	<0.001	1.13 (1.05–1.20)	<0.001
Major CHD (n = 985)
CV-SBP	1.14 (1.11–1.18)	<0.001	1.08 (1.04–1.12)	<0.001	1.07 (1.03–1.12)	0.001
CV-DBP	1.22 (1.16–1.28)	<0.001	1.13 (1.06–1.20)	<0.001	1.13 (1.06–1.20)	<0.001
Total stroke (n = 167)
CV-SBP	1.11 (1.01–1.21)	0.03	0.97 (0.85–1.10)	0.63	-	-
CV-DBP	1.05 (0.92–1.21)	0.46	1.00 (0.87–1.16)	0.99	-	-

Hazard ratios (HR), (95% confidence interval (95% CI)), and p-values estimated by Cox proportional hazards model. Blood pressure variables were adjusted for age (Model 1), baseline factors from Table 1 that differed significantly between those who did and did not develop each distinct event (Model 2) and additionally for cumulative mean of blood pressure excluding the baseline BP. Model 3 was not computed if Model 2 HRs were not statistically significant. P-values <0.05 (bold font) are considered significant. CV: coefficient of variation. The primary outcome is a composite of CVD death, non-fatal MI and non-fatal stroke. Major CHD includes fatal coronary artery disease events, non-fatal MI, and unstable angina.