Table 3.
Results of adjusted multiple regression model of all risk factors for mortality by CKD stage with systolic blood pressure (SBP) as a continuous variable with subjects with SBP<100 mm Hg excluded because of its opposite effect on mortality (see Table 1)
| CKD stage 1 (n=1,310)* | CKD stage 2 (n=8,829)* | CKD stage 3 (n=2,301)* | CKD stage 4 (n=186)* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Ratio (P) | Hazard Ratio (P) | Hazard Ratio (P) | Hazard Ratio (P) | |
| SBP (per 1 mm Hg above 100 mm Hg) | 1.01 (0.11) | 1.006 (<0.0001) | 1.002 (0.15) | 1.01 (0.09) |
| Age (per year) | 1.07 (<0.0001) | 1.09 (<0.0001) | 1.08 (<0.0001) | 1.05 (0.003) |
| Sex (Female) | 0.47 (<0.0001) | 0.67 (<0.0001) | 0.72 (<0.0001) | 1.14 (0.59) |
| Race (Black) | 0.56 (0.057) | 1.25 (0.018) | 0.96 (0.68) | 1.16 (0.58) |
| Antihypertensive medication | 1.34 (0.16) | 1.05 (0.44) | 0.96 (0.64) | 1.24 (0.47) |
| eGFR (per 1 ml/min/1.73m2) | 1.01 (0.57) | 0.99 (0.061) | 0.98 (<0.0001) | 0.96 (0.17) |
| Smoking | 1.73 (0.008) | 2.15 (< 0.0001) | 1.88 (<0.0001) | 1.1 (0.80) |
| Diabetes | 1.16 (0.46) | 1.31 (0.003) | 1.34 (0.0019) | 0.96 (0.88) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.26 (0.27) | 0.79 (0.0006) | 0.88 (0.12) | 0.70 (0.15) |
| BMI (per 1 Kg/m2) | 0.95 (0.005) | 0.99 (0.026) | 0.998 (0.819) | 0.98 (0.26) |
| Comorbidities (number) 1 | 1.49 (0.06) | 1.42 (<0.0001) | 1.22 (0.065) | 1.17 (0.71) |
| Comorbidities 2 | 1.64 (0.09) | 1.94 (<0.0001) | 1.44 (0.002) | 1.12 (0.8) |
| Comorbidities 3 | 2.50 (0.032) | 2.19 (<0.0001) | 1.80 (<0.0001) | 2.16 (0.1) |
| Comorbidities 4 | 3.08 (0.13) | 3.87 (<0.0001) | 2.67 (<0.0001) | 1.08 (0.91) |
| Comorbidities 5 | NA** | 3.60 (<0.0001) | 3.22 (<0.0001) | 2.19 (0.17) |
*
The total number of subjects is less than 13,414 because of eliminating subjects with SBP<100 mm Hg and those with missing data for adjustment variables.
**
Analysis cannot be performed as there was only one subject with 5 comorbidities in Stage 1 CKD.