Table 2.
Risk Factors for Pleural Effusion Recurrence Requiring Intervention in Patients With Biopsy-Proven or Strong Clinical Evidence of Metastatic Disease at 100 Days
| Covariate | Univariate Model |
Multivariate Model |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHR | 95% CI | P Value | SHR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Histologic findings | ||||||
| Lung adenocarcinoma | 1.000 | … | … | … | … | … |
| Lung squamous cell carcinoma | 0.918 | 0.576-1.465 | .723 | … | … | … |
| Lung, unspecified | 0.776 | 0.469-1.284 | .325 | … | … | … |
| Age | 0.999 | 0.9868188-1.012387 | .941 | … | … | … |
| Male sex | 1.104 | 0.822661-1.482548 | .509 | … | … | … |
| CHF present | 1.271 | 0.6618541-2.444204 | .471 | … | … | … |
| Ascites present | 1.659 | 0.6700529-4.10834 | .274 | … | … | … |
| High clinical suspicion of pneumonia | 1.153 | 0.769207-1.731177 | .489 | … | … | … |
| Chemotherapy within 30 d before thoracentesis | 1.241 | 0.9229143-1.670758 | .153 | … | … | … |
| Radiation within 30 d before thoracentesis | 0.948 | 0.6154011-1.462989 | .812 | … | … | … |
| Chemotherapy within 30 d after thoracentesis | 0.940 | 0.6935878-1.276578 | .696 | … | … | … |
| Contralateral effusion present | 0.794 | 0.5768333-1.094897 | .160 | … | … | … |
| Size of the effusion on chest radiography | ||||||
| Blunting of costophrenic angle | 1.000 | … | … | 1.000 | … | … |
| Above 1 and up to the vascular pedicle | 3.021041 | 1.358069-6.720344 | .007 | 2.670 | 1.1971-5.956 | .016 |
| Above 2 and up to the top of the cardiac silhouette | 5.221265 | 2.37956-11.45658 | < .001 | 4.218 | 1.9159-9.289 | .001 |
| Above the cardiac silhouette | 3.841847 | 1.603659-9.203818 | .003 | 3.631 | 1.5244-8.650 | .004 |
| Amount of fluid drained, 100-mL increments | 1.038 | 1.0111-1.0649 | .006 | … | … | … |
| Fluid LDH, 100-IU/L increments | 1.0066 | 1.0041-1.0091 | < .001 | 1.0069 | 1.0035-1.0103 | < .001 |
| Fluid protein, 1-g/dL increments | 1.01581 | 1.010328-1.021323 | < .001 | … | … | … |
| Fluid cholesterol, 1-mg/dL increments | .9991036 | 0.9934539-1.004785 | .757 | … | … | … |
| Fluid triglycerides, 10-mg/dL increments | .9968247 | 0.9892062-1.004502 | .417 | … | … | … |
| Cytologic results positive | 2.207 | 1.54658-3.149714 | < .001 | 1.804 | 1.1673-2.7883 | .008 |
| Mutation present | 1.487246 | 1.069992-2.067213 | .018 | 1.429558 | 0.9543335-2.141427 | .083 |
CHF = congestive heart failure; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; SHR = subhazard ratio.