Table 2.

Baseline characteristics of barrier and facilitator studies.

Reference	Country	Study design	Patient population and sample size	Description of platform	Q1a	Q2b
Alpert et al [45]	US	In-depth semistructured interviews with cancer patients and oncologists	35 cancer patients (breast n=9, hematologic n=6, gastrointestinal n=5, genitourinary n=4, lung n=3, sarcoma n=3, skin n=3, gynecologic n=2, other n=3) and 13 oncologists	Patient portals offer functional benefits to patients as they enable convenient patient access to EMRc data from devices such as personal computers or smartphones; they allow the ability to request medication refills, schedule appointments, and they support secure messaging	X	✔
Baudendistel et al [46]	Germany	Qualitative explorative study using focus groups	12 colorectal cancer patients, 17 physicians, and 26 other health care professionals	Patient-controlled “personal electronic health record” (PEPA) (in development)	X	✔
Ector et al [47]	Netherlands	Design thinking development study	8 CMLd patients, 14 hematologists	CMyLife, a web-based, patient-centered intervention	X	✔
Geerts et al [48]	Netherlands	Mixed methods design: focus group and literature for patient survey, and physician survey based on literature	Patients with hematologic malignancy (questionnaire: n=204, focus group: n=6) and their physicians (questionnaire: n=13)	Not yet developed	X	✔
Gerber et al [49]	US	Qualitative study using 2 focus groups	13 nurses from a cancer center	Not yet developed	X	✔
Girault et al [50]	Canada	Questionnaire-based survey	1072 patients treated in a comprehensive cancer center	Internet-based technologies such as patient portals, websites, and applications managed by health care institutions to improve cancer care coordination	X	✔
Kildea et al [51]	Canada	Participatory stakeholder design	Focus group and survey among 361 cancer patients	Electronic patient portal accessible through smartphones (not yet developed)	X	✔
Kuijpers et al [52]	Netherlands	Focus group interviewing (9 groups)	21 BCAe patients, 31 lung cancer patients, and 31 health professionals	Interactive portal	X	✔
McCleary et al [53]	US	Focus group sessions and surveys	Focus group: 20 patients and family and 5 advisory council members; survey: 1019 cancer patients	Patient gateway application as patient portal: a secure, web-based database enabling patient access to their health and disease information embedded within an EMR, managed by individual health care organizations and accessible via the internet	X	✔
De Regge et al [39]	Belgium	Mixed method triangulation design	Interviews with 23 patients, 2 physicians, 1 nurse specialist, 2 nurse consultants, 9 nurses, and 1 psychologist	The digital oncology platform includes the individualized care path, reliable treatment-related information, contact details for the treatment team, secure conversations with the treatment team, self-registration of complaints, and a diary	✔	✔
Kuijpers et al [42]	Netherlands	Mixed methods design: pretest-posttest design and focus group	6/92 BCA patients were included in focus group discussions; 24 health care providers were asked to fill out a questionnaire	MyAvL includes personalized educational material, overview of past and upcoming appointments, EMRs, medication overview, questionnaire concerning PROMsf	✔	✔
Ruland et al [43]	Norway	Prospective cohort	103 patients with breast cancer (n=56) and prostate cancer (n=47) received questionnaires with space for additional comments and suggestions	WebChoice is an interactive electronic health application that includes personalized information, a communication tool where patients can receive support from peers or professionals, a diary, and a self-management component	✔	✔
Tiong et al [44]	Australia	Prospective pilot study	50 patients with BCA were asked to use the platform and fill out a questionnaire; 9 patients were invited for a face-to-face feedback session	Healthy.me is a secure personally controlled health management website that features the patient journey with tailored information, appointment overviews, interactive forums, and messaging with peers and private messaging with health care providers	✔	✔

^aQ1: addresses research question 1 (to collect the best available evidence of the effect of a digital care platform on quality of care for oncological patients).

^bQ2: addresses research question 2 (to analyze the currently reported barriers and facilitators for implementation of a digital platform in oncological health care).

^cEMR: electronic medical record.

^dCML: chronic myeloid leukemia.

^eBCA: breast cancer.

^fPROM: patient-reported outcome measure.