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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2021 Sep 12;277:121129. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121129

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Generation and characterization of CD70 GIFTed-Exos and GITRL GIFTed-Exos. (A) Schematics of the design of CD70- and GITRL-expressing exosomes. (B) Immunoblot analysis of purified exosomes. Theoretical molecular weights of native proteins or fusion proteins are shown. (C) NTA analysis of purified native exosomes and GIFTed-Exos. (D) and (E) ELISA analysis of binding of the GIFTed-Exos to human CD27 (D) or GITR (E). Data are shown as mean ± SD of duplicates. (F)-(I) Dose dependent activation of human T cells by CD70 GIFTed-Exos (F) and (H) and GITRL GIFTed-Exos (G) and (I). Human PBMCs were incubated with pre-coated anti-human CD3 monoclonal antibody in the presence of various concentrations of CD70 GIFTed-Exos or GITRL GIFTed-Exos for 40 hours. The levels of secreted IL-2 (F) and (G) and IFN-γ (H) and (I) were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as mean ± SD of triplicates.