Figure 2.
Results of field survey in four Primula farinosa natural populations. Averages and standard errors of (A) yearly survival, (B) leaf number and (C) rosette diameter are given. The leaf number and rosette diameter were measured at the end of the growing season. χ 2 value for survival and F ratios (population) for the other traits are given. Letters indicate statistically significant differences among populations at the 0.05 level based on Tukey’s adjustment for multiple comparisons. Population growth rate at a 95 % confidence interval (D) and elasticities (E) were calculated based on the combined transition matrix during 2 years (see Supporting Information—Table S2).