. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Interpers Violence. 2021 Apr 11;37(15-16):NP13654–NP13684. doi: 10.1177/08862605211001475

Table 2.

Cross-sectional Analyses with Group Means.

	Time 1				Time 2				Time 3
	Women SR	Women CR	Men SR	Men CR	Women SR	Women CR	Men SR	Men CR	Women SR	Women CR	Men SR	Men CR
F	1477.43	1757.07	1255.52	1926.87	937.94	1353.08	1042.17	1379.98	972.16	1580.47	1337.64	1724.95
BSI	10.00^***	2.88^*	5.62^***	5.18^**	3.14^*	2.58	4.42^**	2.79^*	1.66	8.99^***	2.50	1.57
NV	7.99^d	8.30	3.73^d	3.44^d	5.45^d	4.83	2.91 ^d	2.84^d	5.08	4.03^b,d	3.32	3.31
FPO	8.68^d	10.57	9.11	4.14	6.40	8.86	5.17	3.71	8.50	12.00^a,c	6.57	5.40
MPO	15.33	14.10	7.22	6.30	8.55	6.73	4.78	4.33	6.50	3.58^b	3.83	3.75
RV	15.94^a,b	12.56	8.91^a	8.24^a	10.59^a	9.00	7.85^a	6.28^a	7.90	7.93^a	7.06	5.96
SAMISS	5.37^***	.33	1.36	.88	2.33	.23	.66	.56	.26	.19	4.77^**	4.22^**
NV	1.59^d	1.81	4.94	4.83	2.36	2.68	4.27	4.27	2.89	2.83	3.65^d	3.82^d
FPO	.47^d	1.29	4.22	4.07	3.00	2.29	6.00	4.43	3.25	2.90	6.86	5.40
MPO	.89	1.80	2.67	3.60	3.00	2.20	3.67	3.47	2.75	2.42	3.92	2.17^d
RV	2.83^a,b	1.98	5.32	5.34	3.70	2.63	4.30	4.78	2.41	3.11	6.47^a	5.93 ^a,c
CSI	13.65^***	9.31^***	5.55^***	8.34^***	7.41^***	5.33^**	4.72^**	8.64^***	8.81^***	9.67^***	4.32^**	3.59^*
NV	53.36^c,d	56.17^d	54.57^d	55.73^b,d	51.16^d	53.19^d	53.26^d	53.92^d	49.23^d	51.64^bd	50.08^b	50.49
FPO	52.21^c,d	52.43	47.33	48.21^a	50.80	45.00	46.83	54.00	48.75^d	37.90^a,c	38.86^a,c	43.30
MPO	37.11^a,b	55.40	53.13	54.30^a	47.55	55.07^d	50.56	53.00^d	49.63^d	54.25^b,d	54.75^b	54.33
RV	41.78^a,b	48.05^a	47.86^a	48.90^a	40.00^a	47.16^a,c	44.85^a	44.19^a,c	34.77^a,b,c	41.79^a,c	44.89	45.00
SSRI	9.35^***	2.51	1.81	5.17^**	7.42^***	1.22	4.21^**	2.57	7.17^***	6.59^***	1.77	2.07
NV	43.23^c,d	43.37^d	41.69	42.89^d	42.70^d	43.09	41.87	42.06	41.40^d	42.31^b,d	40.10	40.39
FPO	41.42	42.43	40.78	39.64	44.20	41.00	33.33	37.57	36.00	35.40^a	35.14	36.70
MPO	36.22^a	40.80	36.78	40.70	41.73	42.13	36.22	39.20	40.38	42.25	40.25	40.58
RV	37.17^a	39.98^a	38.86	37.46^a	36.19^a	40.55	38.10	38.00	33.38^a	36.78^a	36.05	36.21
CSES	2.76^*	1.04	2.38	3.62^*	1.31	.60	2.15	.92	3.13^*	1.00	1.98	.73
NV	100.34^d	97.93	106.33	108.64^d	99.61	98.30	107.70	107.28	99.31	98.85	103.41	101.93
FPO	96.47	99.86	105.00	102.50	105.20	87.14	92.17	96.00	75.88	85.90	102.00	104.80
MPO	94.00	97.20	91.89	98.80	101.45	94.53	100.33	103.80	88.75	98.42	106.92	109.08
RV	88.92^a	91.05	97.32	96.61^a	90.96	97.81	96.75	101.41	89.71	94.18	89.94	97.74
IRI	3.13^*	.52	.28	2.35	1.22	1.51	3.84^*	4.00^**	1.41	2.51	3.63^*	2.36
NV	56.74^b	56.48	53.26	54.28^d	56.29	56.77	53.30^d	53.30^d	55.99	55.69	53.50^d	53.31
FPO	51.26^a	53.57	54.11	54.07	60.00	53.43	51.83	49.86	51.50	54.60	53.43	54.50
MPO	54.11	56.50	51.89	52.60	57.73	59.07	55.78^d	56.87^d	56.50	61.50^d	54.92^d	55.25
RV	54.68	55.78	51.91	50.29^a	53.59	54.38	46.90^a,c	48.81^a,c	53.14	53.79^c	47.63^a,c	49.61
NMRS	.92	1.38	.33	.28	.73	1.93	4.10^**	4.18^**	4.06^**	3.08^*	4.79^**	3.00^*
NV	63.66	64.17	62.63	62.48	66.02	66.69	65.19^d	64.13^d	63.30^d	64.24	64.83^d	64.81^d
FPO	65.00	66.79	62.89	62.71	67.00	75.00	63.17	70.14	70.38	64.90	61.57	64.60
MPO	72.22	74.60	66.00	63.10	58.09	57.33	57.33^d	59.80^d	66.00	55.50^d	63.58^d	62.08
RV	66.44	64.54	66.24	65.50	63.70	66.97	76.58^a,c	73.97^a,c	77.27^a	72.64^c	79.53^a,c	74.79^a
SRES	3.07^*	4.77^**	1.63	4.38^**
NV	108.38	110.41^d	100.99	102.91^d
FPO	99.37	104.29	101.00	102.57
MPO	106.89	107.20	94.00	98.40
RV	101.92	100.02^a	92.91	91.41^a
Age	12.61^***	14.49^***	2.49	13.53^***	7.47^***	10.18^***	4.44^**	8.97^***	8.42^***	4.99^**	5.35^**	5.90^***
NV	27.61^b,d	29.16^d	29.66^d	31.21^d	27.76^d	29.49^d	30.44^d	31.36^d	28.53^d	29.29^d	31.29^d	31.43^d
FPO	22.74^a	26.00	28.22	28.07	23.80	24.71	29.00	27.14	26.88	30.70^d	32.71^d	32.50^d
MPO	24.89	27.60^d	27.56	28.70	25.82	25.87	27.22	27.60	26.88	28.33	28.42	30.25
RV	22.11^a	23.10^a,c	26.00^a	24.63^a	22.56^a	24.13^a	25.45^a	25.66^a	22.32^a	25.04^a,b	25.79^a,b	26.25^a,b
Income	15.46^***	14.85^***	.84	12.88^***	4.82^***	11.18^***	6.35^***	9.27^***	4.26^**	4.66^**	3.91^**	5.99^***
NV	7.64^b,d	8.63^b,d	7.71	8.60^b,d	7.09^d	8.53^b,d	8.19^d	8.63^b,d	7.32^d	7.81^d	8.08^d	8.14^d
FPO	4.42^a	5.50^a,c	6.89	5.86^a,c	4.20	4.00^a	7.67	4.43^a	6.50	7.20	8.86	8.70
MPO	5.78	9.50^b,d	7.22	9.70^b,d	7.55	8.13^d	8.33^d	8.27^d	7.75	9.50^d	8.83^d	9.83^d
RV	3.42^a	4.71^a,c	6.41	5.10^a,c	4.26^a	4.78^a,c	4.50^a,c	5.41^a,c	4.18^a	5.29^a,c	5.37^a,c	5.57^a,c
Educ.	10.96^***	13.59^***	1.65	8.88^***	3.96^**	6.38^***	4.32^**	6.44^***	5.69^***	2.02	3.12^*	1.93
NV	4.95^b,d	5.40^d	4.60	4.83^d	4.81^d	5.28^b,d	4.78^d	4.94^d	4.86^d	5.02	4.35^b	4.43
FPO	3.74^a	4.36^c	5.44	5.00^d	4.20	3.57^a	5.17	4.14	5.00	4.70	5.86^a,d	5.00
MPO	4.56	6.10^b,d	4.33	5.60^d	4.91	5.00	4.56	4.80	4.75	5.25	4.58	4.75
RV	3.44^a	3.83^a,c	4.18	3.68^a,b,c	3.67^a	4.06^a	3.55^a	3.69^a	3.41^a	4.25	3.95^b	3.89

Note. NV = No violence, FPO = Female perpetrators only, MPO = Male perpetrators only, RV = Reciprocal violence, SR = Self-report, CR = Combined report.

Omnibus MANOVA F listed on top row (all p < .001).

Post hoc univariate ANOVA F-values listed on first row for each measure.

p < .05 (light shading)

^**

p ≤ .01 (medium shading)

^***

p ≤ .001 (dark shading).

Superscripts indicate sig. difference with other group (p < .05):

No violence

Female perpetrators only

Male perpetrators only

Reciprocal violence.