Table 1.
The manifestations of coronavirus-induced liver injury.
| SARS-CoV-2 | SARS-CoV | MERS-CoV | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pathological changes | Mild lobular infiltration by small lymphocytes, centrilobular sinusoidal dilation and patchy necrosis | Accumulation of cells in mitosis, ballooning of hepatocytes and mild lobular lymphocytic infiltration. | Moderate portal tract infection, lobular lymphocytic inflammation and hydropic degeneration of hepatic parenchymal cell |
| ref: Tian et al. (46) | ref: Chau et al. (47) | ref: Ng et al. (48) | |
| ALT | Elevated (affected proportion: 13.3–28.0%) | Elevated (affected proportion: 52.5–87.0%) | Elevated (affected proportion: 11.0–56.3%) |
| ref: Guan et al. (33), Chen et al. (49) | ref: Jiang et al. (50), Liu et al. (51) | ref: Arabi et al. (52) | |
| AST | Elevated (affected proportion: 22.0–58.0%) | Elevated (affected proportion: 37.1–86.9%) | Elevated (affected proportion: 15.0–86.8%) |
| ref: Guan et al. (33), Chen et al. (49) | ref: Jiang et al. (50), Liu et al. (51) | ref: Arabi et al. (52) | |
| TB | Elevated (affected proportion: 10.5–18.0%) | Elevated (affected proportion: 30.0%) | Not available |
| ref: Guan et al. (33), Chen et al. (49) | ref: Jiang et al. (50) | ||
| Albumin | Decreased (affected proportion: 36.8%) | Decreased (affected proportion: 40.4–72.0%) | Not available |
| ref: Zhang et al. (53) | ref: Jiang et al. (50) | ||
| Comorbidity with liver disease | The proportion of severe cases in patients with HBV comorbidity is higher than that of patients without HBV infection. (32.9 vs. 15.3%) | Chronic hepatitis B was not associated with worse clinical outcomes. | Not available |
| ref: Wu. et al. (54) | ref: Huang et al. (55) |
ALT, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; AST, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease; TB, total bilirubin.