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IL-1beta contributes to bone resorption. IL-1β inhibits osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting the BMP/Smad pathway and osteogenic markers including RUNX2, OCN and ALP. IL-1β binds with IL-1R on T cells or B cells and induces the expression of RANKL on osteoblasts and then promotes activated osteoclasts via a RANKL-RANK independent mechanism.
