. 2021 Oct 1;79:105766. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105766

Table 1.

Effects of ultrasound (HIU) time, post-mortem time and HIU time*post-mortem time applied before or after freezing on the colour space CIE L* a* b* of rabbit meat. HIU was applied at 36 h post-mortem (before freezing) or 156 h post-mortem (after freezing).

Treatment	Colour
HIU pre-freezing
HIU (min)	L*	a*	b*	Hue	Chroma
0	58.1 ± 0.6^a	4.3 ± 0.2^c	2.6 ± 0.0^c	22.8 ± 1.2^b	5.0 ± 0.1^c
20	53.9 ± 2.1^b	8.4 ± 0.4^a	4.2 ± 0.4^a	25.5 ± 4.3^b	9.4 ± 0.2^a
40	56.2 ± 0.7^b	4.9 ± 0.0^b	3.4 ± 0.1^b	35.9 ± 0.7^a	6.9 ± 0.1^b
Post-mortem (h)	L*	a*	b*	Hue	Chroma
36 h¹	53.4 ± 1.9^b	4.3 ± 0.3^b	1.5 ± 0.1^c	18.1 ± 3.1^b	4.6 ± 0.0^c
37 h²	59.2 ± 1.4^a	4.3 ± 0.2^b	2.9 ± 0.3^b	32.2 ± 2.7^a	5.6 ± 0.2^b
205 h³	55.5 ± 1.5^b	10.0 ± 0.4^a	5.9 ± 0.1^a	33.9 ± 3.9^a	11.1 ± 0.3^a
HIU (min)*Post-mortem (h)	L*	a*	b*	Hue	Chroma
036 h 037 h 0205 h 2036 h 2037 h 20120 h 4036 h 4037 h 40*120 h	53.0 ± 1.4^c 62.3 ± 1.3^a 58.9 ± 0.9^c 51.9 ± 2.4^c 55.0 ± 3.5^c 54.8 ± 2.1^c 55.4 ± 3.6^c 60.4 ± 3.9^b 52.8 ± 3.1^c	3.1 ± 0.4^f 3.3 ± 0.1^f 6.4 ± 0.3^d 5.7 ± 0.5^d 6.7 ± 0.5^c 8.0 ± 0.2^b 4.0 ± 0.4^e 2.8 ± 0.4^f 8.0 ± 0.0^b	0.68 ± 0.0^d 0.62 ± 0.0^d 6.45 ± 1.0^a 2.11 ± 0.4^c 3.65 ± 0.1^b 6.45 ± 0.3^a 1.59 ± 0.4^d 4.27 ± 0.2^b 4.42 ± 0.1^b	12.4 ± 2.0^e 10.8 ± 0.2^e 45.2 ± 5.2^b 20.2 ± 2.2^d 28.6 ± 1.2^c 27.6 ± 0.6^d 21.6 ± 4.4^d 57.3 ± 2.5^a 28.9 ± 0.9^c	2.5 ± 0.3^e 2.8 ± 0.5^b 9.7 ± 0.1^d 6.1 ± 0.6^d 7.8 ± 0.4^c 14.5 ± 0.3^a 5.3 ± 0.5^d 6.3 ± 0.0^d 9.2 ± 0.0^b
HIU post-freezing
HIU (min)	L*	a*	b*	Hue	Chroma
0	54.4 ± 0.6^b	5.8 ± 0.2^b	1.7 ± 0.0^a	16.0 ± 1.2^a	6.1 ± 0.1^b
20	55.0 ± 2.1^b	6.9 ± 0.4^a	0.8 ± 0.4^c	7.0 ± 4.3^b	7.4 ± 0.2^a
40	56.2 ± 0.7^a	4.4 ± 0.0^c	1.2 ± 0.1^b	16.0 ± 0.7^a	5.0 ± 0.1^c
Post-mortem (h)	L*	a*	b*	Hue	Chroma
156 h⁴	52.8 ± 1.9^c	5.1 ± 0.3^c	1.5 ± 0.1^a	18.9 ± 3.1^a	5.6 ± 0.0^b
157 h⁵	58.2 ± 1.4^a	5.7 ± 0.2^b	1.2 ± 0.3^b	11.3 ± 2.7^b	5.7 ± 0.2^b
205 h⁶	54.6 ± 1.5^b	6.3 ± 0.4^a	1.0 ± 0.1^c	8.8 ± 3.9^b	7.2 ± 0.3^a
HIU (min)*Post-mortem (h	L*	a*	b*	Hue	Chroma
036 h 037 h 0205 h 2036 h 2037 h 20120 h 4036 h 4037 h 40*120 h	51.4 ± 0.7^e 67.6 ± 0.5^b 54.2 ± 0.5^e 55.0 ± 1.4^c 53.4 ± 0.1^c 60.7 ± 2.3^c 55.5 ± 1.5^c 55.7 ± 1.0^b 50.2 ± 0.1^c	4.3 ± 0.5^e 6.7 ± 0.5^b 6.3 ± 0.4^b 7.6 ± 0.0^a 5.7 ± 0.5^c 7.5 ± 0.4^a 3.5 ± 0.1^e 4.6 ± 0.3^d 5.1 ± 0.2^d	1.1 ± 0.2^a 2.4 ± 0.4^a 1.5 ± 0.1^b 0.9 ± 0.0^d 0.8 ± 0.2^d 0.8 ± 0.1^d 2.4 ± 0.2^a 0.5 ± 0.1^d 0.5 ± 0.2^d	14.7 ± 1.9^e 19.9 ± 4.0^b 13.5 ± 1.2^d 6.8 ± 0.3^e 8.1 ± 2.5^e 6.1 ± 0.8^e 35.2 ± 2^a 5.9 ± 1.5^e 6.8 ± 2.3^e	4.7 ± 0.3^f 7.1 ± 0.2^c 6.7 ± 0.2^c 8.2 ± 0.0^b 4.1 ± 0.0^g 9.8 ± 0.0^a 3.8 ± 0.4^g 5.9 ± 0.5^d 5.3 ± 0.1^e

36 h post-mortem: 12 h at 12 °C + 24 h at 4 °C.

37 h post-mortem: 12 h at 12 °C + 24 h at 4 °C + HIU (0, 20 or 40 min HIU until completing 1 h at 4 °C).

205 h post-mortem: 12 h at 12 °C + 24 h at 4 °C + HIU + 120 h at −20 °C (freezing) + 48 h at 4 °C (refrigeration).

⁴

156 h post-mortem: 12 h at 12 °C + 24 h at 4 °C + 120 h at −20 °C (freezing).

⁵

157 h post-mortem: 12 h at 12 °C + 24 h at 4 °C + 120 h at −20 °C + HIU (0, 20 or 40 min HIU until completing 1 h at 4 °C).

⁶

205 h post-mortem: 12 h at 12 °C + 24 h at 4 °C + 120 h at −20 °C + HIU + 48 h at 4 °C (refrigeration).

^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}

Different letters within the same column indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05).