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. 2021 Sep 27;9:722960. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722960

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

SESN2 promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. After cells were treated with Cis (20 μmol/L), Dox (0.2 μg/mL), or Mtx (50 μmol/L) for 24 h, ER stress in SESN2-knockdown HOS cells was observed by TEM (A) (n = 3, scale bar = 2 μm). After cells were treated with Cis (20 μmol/L) and Dox (0.2 μg/mL) for 24 h, intracellular calcium in SESN2-knockdown and control HOS cells was monitored by flow cytometry (B) (n = 3). The protein expression levels of genes involved in apoptosis-, autophagy- and ER stress-related pathways in HOS cells with upregulated and downregulated SESN2 expression were detected by western blot (C,D) (n = 3). Twenty-four hours after Dox (0.2 μg/mL) treatment, the LC3 puncta in HOS cells from the SESN2-knockdown group and the control group were detected by immunofluorescence, and apoptosis was analysed by flow cytometry in the presence and absence of 4-PBA (5 mM) (E,F) (n = 3, scale bar = 20 μm). The data are presented as the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 vs. the Control shRNA group.