Table 1.
Demographics of patients
| Parameter | All patients | RRMS | Newly diagnosed SPMS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number @ | 511@ | 414 | 93 |
| Female | 317 (62%) | 262 (63.3%) | 54 (58%) |
| Male | 194 (38%) | 152 (36.7%) | 39 (42%) |
| Caucasian | 445 (87%) | 366 (88%) | 85 (92%) |
| AA | 25 (5%) | 19 (4.5%) | 6 (6%) |
| Hispanic | 21 (4%) | 14 (3.4%) | 2 (2%) |
| Asian | 19 (4%) | 12 (2.9%) | 0 |
| Mixed | 1 (0.2%) | 3 (< 1%) | 0 |
| Age in years mean / median (range, STD) | 36.7 / 37 (17–59, 8.01) | 35.9 / 36 (17–60, 7.9) | 40 / 43 (24–56, 6.9) |
| Duration of MS years mean / median (range, STD) | 7.2 / 6 (0.5–33, 5.4) | 6.3 / 5 (0.5–25, 4.6) | 11 / 11 (2–33, 4.6) |
| Number prior different immune treatments | |||
| Mean / median (range, STD) | 3.7 / 4.0 (1–11, 1.49) | 3.6 / 3 (1–9, 1.43) | 4.15 / 4 (1–11, 1.68) |
| EDSS mean / median (range, STD) | 4.1 / 4 (1–8, 1.48) | 3.87 / 3.50 (1–8, 1.43) | 5.2 / 5.5 (3–8, 1.33) |
| Prior DMT | |||
| SQ glatiramer acetate | 293 (58%) | 235 (57%) | 58 (62%) |
| IM interferon beta-1a (avenox®) | 185 (45%) | 143 (35%) | 42 (45%) |
| SQ interferon beta-1a (rebif®) | 166 (41%) | 128 (31%) | 38 (41%) |
| SQ interferon beta-1b (betaseron®) | 107 (26%) | 76 (18%) | 31 (33%) |
| SQ peginterferon beta-1a (plegridy®) | 9 (2%) | 7 9 (< 0.2%) | 2 (2%) |
| IV natalizumab (tysabri®) | 170 (42%) | 126 (30%) | 44 (47%) |
| PO dimethyl fumarate (tecfidera®) | 159 (39%) | 128 (31%) | 31 (33%) |
| PO fingolimod (gilenya®) | 113 (28%) | 92 (22%) | 21 (23%) |
| PO teriflunomide (aubagio®) | 37 (7%) | 29 (7%) | 8 (8.6%) |
| IV mitoxantrone (novantrone®) | 18 (3.5%) | 11 (2.6%) | 7 (7.5%) |
| IV ocrelizumab (ocrevus®) | 15 (3.6%) | 10 (2.4%) | 5 (5.3%) |
| SQ daclizumab (zinbryta®) | 5 (1%) | 4 (< 1%) | 1 (1%) |
| IV alemtuzumab (lemtrada®) | 4 (0.8%) | 4 (< 1%) | 0 |
| PO cladribine (mavenclad®) | 1 (0.1%) | 1 (< 1%) | 0 |
| Other immune modulating drugs | |||
| Corticosteroids | 475 (94%) | 391 (94%) | 84 (90%) |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) | 32 (7.8%) | 27 (6.5%) | 5 (5.3%) |
| Plasmapheresis (PLEX) | 27 (7%) | 25 (6.0%) | 2 (2%) |
| IV Cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) | 25 (6.6%) | 21 (5.1%) | 4 (4.3%) |
| PO mycophenolate mofetil (cellcept®) | 6 (1.9%) | 6 (1.4%) | 0 |
| PO azathioprine (imuran) | 5 (1.5%) | 4 (< 1%) | 1 (1%) |
| PO methotrexate | 4 (< 1%) | 4 (< 1%) | 1 (1%) |
| Rituximab | 0 | 0 | |
| Prior cell therapy | |||
| HSC (IV)without chemotherapy | 3 (< 1%) | 2 (< 1%) | 1 (UCB) (1%) |
| Prior autologous HSCT | 2 (< 1%) | 2 (< 1%) | 0 |
| Mesenchymal stem cells (n = 1), | 1 (< 1%) | 1 (< 1%) | 0 |
@ Includes 1 patient each with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, tumefactive multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) initially misdiagnosed as MS, and coexistent spinal cerebellar ataxia,
EDSS Expanded Disability Status Scale, IM intramuscular, IV intravenous, HSC hematopoietic stem cells, HSCT hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, PO per os (oral), RRMS relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, SPMS secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, SQ subcutaneous, STD standard deviation