Table 1. . Characteristics of grandmother–mother–grandchild triads in Isle of Wight birth cohort.
| Characteristics | GMSDP/MSDP groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes/yes (n = 34) | Yes/no (n = 29) | No/yes (n = 45) | No/no (n = 53) | |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| – Male | 17 (50.0) | 20 (44.4) | 21 (72.4) | 32 (60.4) |
| – Female | 17 (50.0) | 25 (55.6) | 8 (27.6) | 21 (39.6) |
| Birth weight, g, mean ± SD† | 3294.8 ± 515.8 | 3315.5 ± 617.7 | 3641.5 ± 414.0 | 3427.6 ± 476.7 |
| Gestational age, week, mean ± SD† | 38.8 ± 2.3 | 39.0 ± 2.2 | 40.2 ± 1.2 | 39.6 ± 1.4 |
| Blood source, n (%) | ||||
| – Cord blood | 21 (61.8) | 30 (66.7) | 18 (62.1) | 37 (69.8) |
| – Guthrie card | 13 (38.2) | 15 (33.3) | 11 (37.9) | 16 (30.2) |
| Exposure to secondhand smoke, n (%) † | ||||
| – No | 5 (15.2) | 6 (13.3) | 11 (37.9) | 37 (69.8) |
| – Yes | 28 (84.9) | 39 (86.7) | 18 (62.1) | 16 (30.2) |
| Socioeconomic status, low to high, n (%) | ||||
| – 1 | 6 (18.8) | 8 (17.8) | 6 (20.7) | 9 (17.0) |
| – 2 | 13 (40.6) | 20 (44.4) | 7 (24.1) | 10 (18.9) |
| – 3 | 7 (21.9) | 6 (13.3) | 11 (37.9) | 12 (22.6) |
| – 4 | 6 (18.8) | 11 (24.4) | 5 (17.2) | 22 (41.5) |
†
Significant association between variables and GMSDP and/or MSDP.
GMSDP: Grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy; MSDP: Maternal smoking during pregnancy; SD: Standard deviation.