Table 3.
MRI findings
| Patients with COVID-19 (n=52) |
Comorbidity-matched volunteers (n=26) | Healthy volunteers (n=10) |
P value* | P value† | |
| LVEDVI, mean±SD (95% CI), (mL/m2) | 73.1±18.1 (68.1 to 78.1) |
78.5±20 (67 to 81.0) |
79.2±18.3 (72.6 to 43.7) |
0.99 | 0.17 |
| LVESVI, mean±SD (95% CI), (mL/m2) | 32.1±16.1 (27.6 to 36.4) |
31.7±16.2 (26.0 to 37.9) |
25.8±7.9 (22.5 to 30.1) |
0.92 | 0.04 |
| Stroke volume index, mean±SD (95% CI), (mL/m2) | 41.3±10.8 (38.3 to 44.1) |
44.9±8.7 (40.0 to 50.4) |
52.1±10.6 (46.5 to 56.3) |
0.12 | 0.001 |
| LV ejection fraction, mean±SD (95% CI), (%) | 57.4±11.1 (54.0 to 60.1) |
61.6±9.9 (56.1 to 65.2) |
66.3±5.3 (62.4 to 69.8) |
0.15 | 0.02 |
| LV mass index, mean±SD (95% CI), (g/m2) | 53.5±11.0 (50.4 to 56.6) |
56.6±12.2 (51.8 to 60.2) |
55.7±15.2 (50.6 to 61.4) |
0.21 | 0.81 |
| RVEDVI, mean±SD (95% CI), (mL/m2) | 79.3±16.2 (74.8 to 83.8) |
75.4±12.3 (70.4 to 80.40 |
74.5±9.8 (68.6 to 80.4) |
0.27 | 0.06 |
| RVESVI, mean±SD (95% CI), (mL/m2) | 39.9±15.3 (34.7 to 43.3) |
30.1±7.8 (28.2 to 33.5) |
29.3±5.4 (26.1 to 32.6) |
0.006 | 0.02 |
| RV stroke volume Index, mean±SD (95% CI), (mL/m2) | 39.8±9.7 (37.2 to 42.6) |
45.1±9.8 (45.2 to 55.7) |
47.5±9.3 (42.1 to 52.9) |
0.02 | 0.01 |
| RV ejection fraction, mean±SD (95% CI), (%) | 51.7±9.1 (53.9 to 60.1) |
59.3±4.9 (51.0 to 66.5) |
60.5±4.9 (57.1 to 63.2) |
0.0005 | <0.0001 |
| Main pulmonary artery, mean±SD (mm) | 20.7±3.1 | 22.8±6.6 | 18.5±4.0 | 0.09 | 0.05 |
| Late gadolinium enhancement pattern, n (%) | 18 (35) | 9 (35) | 0 | ||
| Ischaemic | 9 (17) | 5 (19) | – | ||
| Non-ischaemic | 9 (17) | 4 (15) | – | ||
| Native T1-septum, mean±SD (95% CI), (ms) | 1225±46‡ (1205 to 1240) |
1227±51§ (1208 to 1246) |
1197±30 (1178 to 1216) |
0.99 | 0.04 |
| Global T1- midventricular, mean±SD (95% CI), (ms) | 1210±38‡ (1193 to 1226) |
1208±33§ (1191 to 1228) |
1184±24 (1168 to 1200) |
0.88 | 0.04 |
| Extracellular volume, mean±SD (95% CI), (%) | 31±4 (29.6 to 32.1) |
29±5 (27.0 to 31.2) |
24±3 (22.4 to 26.4) |
0.35 | 0.0003 |
| T2 septum, mean±SD (95% CI), (ms) | 37.3±4.6 (35.9 to 38.6) |
38.5±5.9 (36.1 to 40.1) |
38.7±3 (37.4 to 40.1) |
0.35 | 0.18 |
| Manganese influx constant, mean±SD (95% CI), (Ki/mL/100 g/min) |
6.9±0.9‡ (6.5 to 7.3) |
7.3±1.3§ (6.7 to 7.9) |
7.9±1.2 (7.4 to 8.5) |
0.45 | 0.01 |
Bold values are statistically significant (<0.05).
*Patients with COVID-19 versus comorbidity-matched volunteers.
†Patients with COVID-19 versus healthy volunteers.
‡n=23.
§n=20.
LV, left ventricular; LVEDVI, indexed left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESVI, indexed left ventricular end-systolic volume; RV, right ventricular; RVEDVI, indexed right ventricular end-diastolic volume; RVESVI, indexed right ventricular end-systolic volume.