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. 2021 Oct 10;22(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s10194-021-01337-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — The effects of obesity on headache and the trigeminovascular system. Obesity has been demonstrated to affect several aspects associated with headache. Obesity alters headache-like behavior including increasing photophobia and thermal allodynia. This is associated with a series of physiological differences including increased cortical spreading depression (CSD) frequency. The trigemino-vascular system (TGVS) also is altered with obesity where the release of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) from dura middle meningeal artery (MMA) calibre (Ø) display a greater response to noxious stimuli. The molecular underpinnings of these are unknown and it is unknown how obesity related systemic inflammation and intracranial pressure (ICP) alter the TGVS or headache in general