Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of participants underwent unilateral TKA (N = 2366)
| Anaesthesia | Total | RA | GA | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 2366 | 1560 | 806 | |
| Age (years),Mean ± SD | 66.57 ± 8.23 | 67.46 ± 8.01 | 64.86 ± 8.39 | < 0.001 |
| BMI,Mean ± SD | 27.68 ± 5.70 | 27.58 ± 6.16 | 27.87 ± 4.68 | 0.247 |
| Hb(g/dL),Mean ± SD | 13.08 ± 1.45 | 13.07 ± 1.42 | 13.09 ± 1.52 | 0.747 |
| LOS,Mean (SD) Median (Q1-Q3) | 5.37 (4.87) 4.00 (3.00–6.00) | 5.09 (3.98) 4.00 (3.00–5.00) | 5.92 (6.20) 4.00 (4.00–6.00) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of surgery (mins), Mean ± SD | 80.52 ± 22.81 | 79.93 ± 22.19 | 81.67 ± 23.95 | 0.079 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.003 | |||
| Female | 1794 (75.82%) | 1154 (73.97%) | 640 (79.40%) | |
| Male | 572 (24.18%) | 406 (26.03%) | 166 (20.60%) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.019 | |||
| Chinese | 1987 (83.98%) | 1334 (85.51%) | 653 (81.02%) | |
| Malay | 169 (7.14%) | 103 (6.60%) | 66 (8.19%) | |
| Indian | 137 (5.79%) | 76 (4.87%) | 61 (7.57%) | |
| Others | 73 (3.09%) | 47 (3.01%) | 26 (3.23%) | |
| ASA Status | 0.007 | |||
| 1 | 161 (6.80%) | 91 (5.83%) | 70 (8.68%) | |
| 2 | 2058 (86.98%) | 1381 (88.53%) | 677 (84.00%) | |
| 3 | 147 (6.21%) | 88 (5.64%) | 59 (7.32%) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 225 (9.51%) | 161 (10.32%) | 64 (7.94%) | 0.061 |
| OSA, n (%) | 214 (9.04%) | 144 (9.23%) | 70 (8.68%) | 0.661 |
| DM, n (%) | 446 (18.85%) | 293 (18.78%) | 153 (18.98%) | 0.906 |
| IHD, n (%) | 127 (5.37%) | 83 (5.32%) | 44 (5.46%) | 0.887 |
| CCF, n (%) | 18 (0.76%) | 16 (1.03%) | 2 (0.25%) | 0.039 |
| CVA, n (%) | 45 (1.90%) | 29 (1.86%) | 16 (1.99%) | 0.831 |
| Creatinine > 2 mg/dl, n (%) | 18 (0.76%) | 11 (0.71%) | 7 (0.87%) | 0.657 |
| DM on insulin, n (%) | 39 (1.65%) | 25 (1.60%) | 14 (1.74%) | 0.907 |
| Day of week of operation, n (%) | 0.153 | |||
| Monday | 390 (16.48%) | 244 (15.64%) | 146 (18.11%) | |
| Tuesday | 539 (22.78%) | 354 (22.69%) | 185 (22.95%) | |
| Wednesday | 405 (17.12%) | 276 (17.69%) | 129 (16.00%) | |
| Thursday | 533 (22.53%) | 368 (23.59%) | 165 (20.47%) | |
| Friday | 378 (15.98%) | 247 (15.83%) | 131 (16.25%) | |
| Saturday | 121 (5.11%) | 71 (4.55%) | 50 (6.20%) |
Abbreviations: GA General anaesthesia, RA Regional anaesthesia, LOS Length of stay, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologist Physical Status, OSA Obstructive sleep apnea, DM Diabetes mellitus, IHD Ischaemic heart disease, CCF Congestive cardiac failure, CVA Cerebrovascular accidents, TKA Total knee arthroplasty