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. 2021 Jul 20;41(10):1049–1070. doi: 10.1002/cac2.12198

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Depression is positively associated with plasma catecholamines, serum MACC1 levels, and biomarkers of metastasis in GC patients. (A) PHQ‐9 self‐rating scores, plasma catecholamines, and serum MACC1 levels were detected in 20 healthy volunteers and 51 GC patients. (B) Correlations between MACC1 levels and Epi or NA in plasma from 51 GC patients were analyzed. (C) GSEA diagram of cell adhesion molecules, and ECM receptor interaction gene sets in the GSE9116 database of depressed and non‐depressed cancer patients (refer to https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE9116 for more information). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. P values were calculated using two‐tailed unpaired Student's t‐tests (A) and Pearson's correlation analysis (B). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Abbreviations: ECM: extracellular matrix; ELISA: enzyme‐linked immunoassay; Epi: epinephrine; GC: gastric cancer; GSEA: gene set enrichment analysis; HPLC‐MS/MS: high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry; MACC1: metastasis‐associated in colon cancer 1; NA: noradrenaline; PHQ‐9: Patient Health Questionnaire‐9.