Figure 4.

Pangenome comparisons of 10 isolates of in vitro co-cultures of C. coli 6461 and C. jejuni 14229–5. (A) Only a section of the genomes is presented, highlighting (B) the transferred genomic island (between the orange bars) including resistance gene aph(2′)-If associated with kanamycin/gentamicin resistance. Each square represents a gene (annotated using PROKKA). The pangenome analysis was done using Roary, the virulence (light pink dot) and resistance genes (red dot) were annotated using ABRicate, and the figure was made with ggplot2 in “R.” Genes annotated as virulence genes are associated with Campylobacter motility. Of note, genes classified as the same gene in two strains have sequences ≥ 99% identical. Genes in yellow, i.e., found only in the newly emerged strain (NES), are genes that are less than 99% identical to the two parental genes, which might be due to chimeras of donor and recipient versions of the gene.