Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of alcoholic men
| Normal (n = 2,106) | Normal ALT levels and fatty liver disease (n = 71) | High ALT levels and fatty liver disease (n = 68) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 42 (35–50) | 48 (41–54) | 45.5 (39–50.8) | <0.05a,b |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.2 (20.7–23.8) | 25 (23.1–27) | 26 (24.1–27.8) | <0.01a,b |
| SBP, mmHg | 113 (104–123) | 126 (116–138) | 130 (118–138) | <0.01a,b |
| DBP, mmHg | 71 (64–79) | 82 (74–91) | 83 (74–91.5) | <0.01b,c |
| FPG, mM | 5.16 (4.94–5.44) | 5.49 (5.33–5.77) | 5.38 (5.16–5.66) | <0.01a,b |
| HbA1c, % | 5.4 (5.1–5.6) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 5.5 (5.2–5.7) | <0.01a |
| AST, IU/L | 20 (17–22) | 22 (18–25) | 34.5 (28–42.75) | <0.01a |
| ALT, IU/L | 18 (15–23) | 22 (18–27) | 44.5 (38.3–56.3) | <0.01a,b,c |
| Cre, µM | 79.6 (70.7–83.1) | 76 (67.2–79.6) | 70.7 (69.2–79.6) | <0.01b |
| UA, µM | 350.9 (315.2–398.5) | 380.7 (339–434.2) | 4.25.3 (386.6–462.5) | <0.01a,b,c |
| TC, mM | 5.07 (4.53–5.64) | 5.3 (4.97–5.97) | 5.56 (5.09–6.03) | <0.01a,b |
| TG, mM | 1.02 (0.76–1.39) | 1.76 (1.24–2.6) | 1.94 (1.25–2.69) | <0.01a,b |
| Periodic exercise*, n | 841 (39.9%) | 26 (36.6%) | 22 (32.4%) | 0.4 |
| Snacking habits**, n | 959 (45.6%) | 12 (16.9%) | 16 (23.5%) | <0.01 |
| Family history of diabetes, % | 321 (15.2%) | 15 (21.1%) | 17 (25%) | 0.04 |
| Onset of impaired fasting glucose***, n | 138 (6.6%) | 11 (15.5%) | 14 (20.6%) | <0.01 |
Data are presented as the median (interquartile range) or number (percentage). *Exercise habit: no habit or awareness of exercise vs. periodic exercise. **Snacking habit: no snacking vs. snacking ≥ 1 time/day. ***Onset of impaired fasting glucose: ≥6.11 mM during the observation period. The Steel‐Dwass test was used to analyze continuous variables, and the χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05 (aNormal vs. Normal ALT levels and fatty liver disease; bNormal vs. High ALT levels and fatty liver disease; cNormal ALT levels and fatty liver disease vs. High ALT levels and fatty liver disease). AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; Cre, creatinine; UA, uric acid; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.