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. 2021 Oct 7;14:5187–5200. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S280953

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Biological implications and potential mechanisms of mild interferonopathy in DS. Interferons have pleiotropic effects on multiple organs and different effects on different cell types. IFN can drive T-cell activation and differentiation which is considered to be the third signal for T-cell development, in addition to the TCR and the costimulatory receptor. The tissue and temporal effects of interferonopathy in DS remain to be explored.

Abbreviation: APC, antigen-presenting cells.