Table 1.
Selected treatments investigated in clinical trials for COVID-19.∗.
| Antiviral | Anti-inflammatory | Anticoagulation and antivasculopathy |
|---|---|---|
| Arbidol | Acalabrutinib | Argatroban |
| Azithromycin (antibiotic) | Anakinra | Alteplase |
| Camostat mesilate (reduce viral infection) | Aviptadil | Alteplase |
| Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine | Baricitinib (janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor) | Acetylsalicylic acid |
| Clevudine | Chlorpromazine | Atorvastatin (HMG-CoA inhibitor) |
| Darunavir/Cobicistat (Prezcobix; Rezolsta) | Colchicine | Bevacizumab (antivascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)) |
| Favipiravir (Avigan®) | Deferoxamine | Clopidogrel |
| Interferon | Dexamethasone | Crizanlizumab (vasculopathy) |
| Ivermectin plus nitazoxanide | Dornase alfa (Pulmozyme®) | Dapagliflozin (sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitor) |
| Lactoferrin | Duvelisib | Enoxaparin |
| Lopinavir-ritonavir (Kaletra®) | Eculizumab | Fondaparinux |
| Nafamostat (blocks TMPRSS2 activation and SARS-CoV-2 cell entry) | Famotidine | Heparin |
| Oseltamivir | Hydrocortisone | Losartan (angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)) |
| Remdesivir | Imatinib | Nitric oxide (inhalation) Nicotine |
| Umifenovir | Infliximab | Ramipril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)) |
| Isotretinoin | Rivaroxaban (direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC)) | |
| Leflunomide | Sulodexide | |
| Methylprednisolone Morphine |
Telmisartan (ARB) | |
| Ozanimod | Valsartan (ARB) | |
| Plitidepsin | ||
| Prednisolone | ||
| Ruxolitinib (JAK inhibitor) | ||
| Sarilumab | ||
| Sirolimus | ||
| Tocilizumab (IL-6 inhibitor) | ||
| Tofacitinib (JAK inhibitor) | ||
| Antioxidant treatment | Traditional Chinese medicine | Oxygen therapy |
| Vitamin A | Single herbs | Oxygen inhalation |
| Vitamin C | Chinese patent formulas | Mechanical ventilation |
| Vitamin D | Chinese herbal compounds | Prone position ventilation |
| Vitamin E | Hyperbaric oxygen therapy | |
| Glutathione | Oxyhydrogen inhalation via a nebulizer | |
| N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) | ||
| Melatonin | ||
| Zinc | ||
| Vaccine and antibodies | Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support | |
| mRNA, recombinant protein, vector | Oxygenation, removal of CO2, filtrating proinflammatory cytokines via a filter | |
| Pamrevlumab | ||
| Anti-SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma |