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. 2021 Jun 18;46(12):2051–2061. doi: 10.1038/s41386-021-01052-z

Table 1.

Clinical studies that examined the association between sleep dysregulation and binge eating.

Study Demographics (n, sex) Sleep measures Binge eating measures Sleep changes associated with binge eating Control for obesity status
Vardar et al. (2004) [44] 55 F, 18 M PSQI DSM-IV BED criteria Increased PSQI global score and sleep latency No
Trace et al. (2012) [45] 3790 F, (244 with lifetime binge eating) Study-specific sleep assessment DSM-IV binge eating criteria Poorer subjective sleep quality, increased sleep latency, greater daytime dysfunction, and disturbed sleep Yes; associations remain significant
Yeh et al. (2014) [46] 233 F, 107 M PSQI Binge Eating Scale (BES) Increased PSQI global score and use of sleep medication, poorer subjective sleep quality, decreased sleep duration, disturbed sleep, and daytime dysfunction No
Tzischinsky et al. (2006) [47] 36 F, 25 M (children) Actinography analysis, Mini-Sleep Questionnaire, The Standard Technion Clinical Sleep Questionnaire, and a Sleep Diary DSM-IV BED criteria Increased sleep latency and wakefulness during sleep, decreased sleep efficacy, and increased restless sleep Yes; associations remain significant
Kim et al. (2010) [48] 400 F Study-specific sleep assessment DSM-IV binge eating criteria Increased sleep latency and midsleep awakening No
Kenny et al. (2018) [43] 128 F, 18 M Insomnia Severity Index (ISI; Bastien, Vallieres & Morin 2001 [236]) Eating Disorder Examination 17.0 (EDE 17.0) interview (BED section only) Greater insomnia symptoms No
Ulman et al. (2012) [49] 72,435 F (921 with binge eating pre-pregnancy, 1235 with binge eating while pregnant) Study-specific sleep assessment DSM-IV BED criteria Sleep disturbances and dissatisfaction with sleep No