Table 4.
Logistic regression to determine the odds of activities of daily living (ADL) disability at 1-year follow-up.
| ORs for the incidence of ADL disability (95% CI) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | p | Model 1 | p | Model 2 | p | Model 3 | p | |
| Age group | ||||||||
| 65–74 y | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 75–84 y | 2.72 (2.30, 3.23) | 0.956 | 2.58 (2.16, 3.08) | 0.870 | 2.64 (2.22, 3.16) | 0.631 | 2.52 (2.11, 3.02) | 0.678 |
| ≥85 y | 7.50 (5.03, 11.14) | <0.001 | 6.92 (4.56, 10.45) | <0.001 | 7.84 (5.18, 11.79) | <0.001 | 7.05 (4.64, 10.65) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Female | 1.45 (1.22, 1.72) | <0.001 | 1.49 (1.24, 1.80) | <0.001 | 1.54 (1.28, 1.86) | <0.001 | 1.49 (1.23, 1.80) | <0.001 |
| Education | ||||||||
| High school or above | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Middle school or below | 1.63 (1.39, 1.92) | <0.001 | 1.17 (0.98, 1.39) | 0.091 | 1.14 (0.94, 1.39) | 0.009 | 1.18 (0.99, 1.41) | 0.066 |
| Married | ||||||||
| Yes | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No | 1.60 (1.33, 1.92) | <0.001 | 1.09 (0.89, 1.33) | 0.391 | 1.26 (1.06, 1.50) | 0.182 | 1.10 (0.90, 1.34) | 0.337 |
| No. of chronic diseases a | ||||||||
| 0 | Ref | / | Ref | / | ||||
| 1 | 1.12 (0.91, 1.39) | 0.028 | / | 1.08 (0.87, 1.35) | 0.063 | 1.07 (0.86, 1.33) | 0.097 | |
| 2 | 1.35 (1.71, 1.69) | <0.001 | / | 1.21 (0.96, 1.53) | 0.086 | 1.17 (0.93, 1.48) | 0.794 | |
| ≥3 | 1.86 (1.41, 2.44) | <0.001 | / | 1.73 (1.30, 2.30) | <0.001 | 1.64 (1.23, 2.18) | 0.001 | |
| No. of impairments in IC domains b | ||||||||
| 0 | Ref | Ref | / | Ref | ||||
| 1 | 1.18 (0.96, 1.44) | 0.002 | 1.07 (0.88, 1.32) | 0.014 | / | 1.07 (0.87, 1.31) | 0.0195 | |
| 2 | 1.79 (1.44, 2.24) | <0.001 | 1.43 (1.14, 1.80) | <0.001 | / | 1.40 (1.11, 1.76) | <0.001 | |
| ≥3 | 3.41 (2.58, 4.50) | <0.001 | 2.32 (1.72, 3.11) | <0.001 | / | 2.23 (1.66, 2.99) | <0.001 | |
| AUC | 0.549a/0.589b | 0.685 | 0.681 | 0.691 | ||||
ADL, activities of daily living; OR, odds ratio; No., number; ref, reference; IC, intrinsic capacity; AUC, area under the curve.
Multimorbidity status: Chronic diseases include: hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, tumor, and chronic obstructive pulmonary.
Intrinsic capacity status: IC includes five domains: locomotion, vitality, sensory, cognition, and psychological.
Model 1: Adjustment for age, sex, education, and marriage to determine the odds of disability based on IC impairment.
Model 2: Adjustment for age, sex, education, and marriage to determine the odds of disability based on multimorbidity status.
Model 3: Adjustment for multimorbidity status, age, sex, education, and marriage to determine the odds of disability based on IC impairment.