Table 2.
Association of lifestyle variables with students' depressive symptom.
| Variables | Depressive symptoma | |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency (% within variable) | χ2 value (p) | |
| Physical activity (PA) | ||
| Involved in PA | ||
| Yes | 389 (26.4) | 25.84 (<0.001)** |
| No | 307 (36.5) | |
| Regular PA | ||
| Yes | 374 (26.2) | 26.09 (<0.001)** |
| No | 322 (36.3) | |
| Duration of daily PA (n = 1,472) | ||
| <30 min/day | 491 (34.0) | 28.36 (<0.001)** |
| 30–60 min/day | 122 (23.1) | |
| >60 min/day | 83 (24.2) | |
| PA time (n = 1,472) | ||
| Early morning of the day | 124 (26.2) | 57.50 (<0.001)** |
| Late afternoon of the day | 179 (22.5) | |
| Evening of the day | 71 (44.9) | |
| Screen based sedentary behavior (SBSB) | ||
| Use of social media (e.g., Facebook) | ||
| Yes | 474 (33.3) | 17.76 (<0.001)** |
| No | 222 (25.0) | |
| Screen based recreation (Movie, video game etc.) | ||
| Yes | 637 (30.0) | 0.06 (0.801) |
| No | 59 (30.9) | |
| Duration of daily SBSB | ||
| ≤2 h/day | 322 (24.5) | 45.88 (<0.001)** |
| >2 h/day | 374 (37.5) | |
| Sleep quality | ||
| Satisfaction about daily sleep | ||
| Yes | 315 (20.7) | 189.43 (<0.001)** |
| No | 381 (48.4) | |
| Sleep habit | ||
| Short sleep duration (<7 h/day) | 311 (34.2) | 21.32 (<0.001)** |
| Ideal sleep duration (7–9 h/day) | 330 (26.2) | |
| Long sleep duration (>9 h/day) | 55 (38.5) | |
a
The cut-off of PHQ-9 ≥10 is used for analysis.
**
The p value is significant at p < 0.01.