Table 1.
Basic characteristics and quality evaluation of the included studies.
| Included studies | Location | Cases | Male/female | Home environment (evaluation tools/age) | Children development (evaluation tools/age) | Quality evaluation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive development | Psychomotor development | ||||||
| Nampijja et al. (41) | America | 146 | Unknown | HOME/5 y | Bdpv/5 y | – | 15 |
| Barreto et al. (40) | Spain | 295 | 145/150 | HES/2 y | MSCA/4 y | – | 17 |
| Ding et al. (39) | China | 188 | 97/91 | CNEQ/12 m | – | NDIC (0–6 y)/2 y | 11 |
| Miquelote et al. (19) | Brazil | 32 | 16/16 | AHEMD-IS/15 m | Bayley-III/15 m | Bayley-III/15 m | 15 |
| Oliveira et al. (38) | Brazil | 23 | 9/14 | HOME/5–6 y | WISC III/5–6 y | – | 16 |
| Wu et al. (42) | Taiwan China | 1,630 | 900/730 | HOME/3 y | TBCS-36/3 y | TBCS-36/3 y | 14 |
| Hamadani et al. (37) | Bangladesh | 797 | Unknown | HOME/18 m | Bayley-III/18 m | Bayley-III/18 m | 14 |
| Black et al. (35) | India | 162 | Unknown | HOME/10 m | Bayley/10 m | Bayley/10 m | 19 |
| Kolobe (36) | America (Mexica American) | 62 | 29/33 | HOME/12 m | Bayley-III/12 m | Bayley-III/12 m | 14 |
| Health (34) | America | 260 | Unknown | HOME/24 m | Bayley-III/24 m | – | 17 |
| Andersson et al. (33) | Norway | 142 | 66/76 | HSQ/13 m | FTII/7 m | – | 11 |
| Richter and Grieve (32) | South Africa | 183 | 98/85 | HSQ/2–17 m | Bayley/2–17 m | Bayley/2–17 m | 10 |
| Richter and Grieve (32) | South Africa | 122 | 64/58 | HSQ/18–30 m | Bayley/18–30 m | Bayley/18–30 m | 10 |