Table 2.
Comparisons of demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients in the BO and non-BO groups.
| BO group (n = 20) | Non-BO group (n = 46) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in months, median (IQR) | 16.50 (11.00, 25.25) | 30.50 (17.00, 50.75) | 0.005 |
| Male, n (%) | 13 (65.0) | 24 (52.2) | 0.487 |
| Ethnicity C:M:O ratio, n | 18:2:0 | 43:2:1 | 0.552 |
| Significant comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Premature birth | 2 (10.0) | 3 (6.5) | 0.401 |
| Congenital heart disease | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.2) | 1.000 |
| A history of wheezing | 3 (15.0) | 2 (4.3) | 0.148 |
| Family asthma history | 1 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.666 |
| Others | 1 (5.0) | 2 (4.3) | 1.000 |
| Clinical manifestations | |||
| Length of hospital stay, d (median, IQR) | 21.50 (14.50, 29.25) | 13.00 (10.25, 18.75) | 0.005 |
| Duration of fever, d (median, IQR) | 15.50 (10.75, 21.50) | 10.00 (8.00, 15.00) | 0.007 |
| Peak temperature, °C (mean (SD)) | 39.76 (0.47) | 39.76 (0.49) | 0.975 |
| Duration of cough, d (median, IQR) | 38.50 (30.00, 52.25) | 26.00 (18.00, 30.00) | <0.001 |
| Persistent wheezing, n (%) | 19 (95.0) | 13(28.3) | <0.001 |
| Dyspnea, n (%) | 18 (90.0) | 16(34.8) | <0.001 |
| Hypoxemia, n (%) | 18 (90.0) | 13(28.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypercapnia, n (%) | 7 (35.0) | 0(0.0) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory failure, n (%) | 14 (70.0) | 8(17.4) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory findings | |||
| WBC (× 109/L) (median, IQR) | 9.82 (3.83, 14.99) | 7.04 (4.81, 10.88) | 0.418 |
| HGB, g/l (mean (SD) | 97.90 (16.34) | 110.51 (14.05) | 0.002 |
| PLT (×109/L) (median, IQR) | 335.50 (200.75, 406.00) | 260.50 (169.25, 366.00) | 0.244 |
| Neutrophil proportion,% (median, IQR) | 71.00 (58.00, 81.50) | 58.50 (47.25, 73.75) | 0.026 |
| Lymphocytes proportion,% (median, IQR) | 21.00 (14.00, 33.75) | 34.50 (21.50, 44.75) | 0.038 |
| CRP, mg/l (median, IQR) | 21.13 (8.51, 37.54) | 17.91 (9.20, 34.84) | 0.967 |
| CK-MB, U/L (median, IQR) | 36.05 (30.10, 51.75) | 29.50 (24.52, 35.90) | 0.008 |
| LDH, U/L (median, IQR) | 898.50 (582.50, 1325.00) | 613.00 (410.00, 940.75) | 0.060 |
| AST, U/L (median, IQR) | 64.60 (44.17, 93.25) | 51.10 (41.02, 82.55) | 0.295 |
| ALT, U/L (median, IQR) | 16.05 (12.95, 24.15) | 18.55 (11.35, 26.82) | 0.796 |
| Imaging findings, n (%) | |||
| Segmental pulmonary consolidation | 3 (15.0) | 10 (21.7) | 0.767 |
| Atelectasis | 5 (25.0) | 13(28.3) | 1.000 |
| Pleural effusion | 3 (15.0) | 16(34.8) | 0.251 |
| Co-infection, n (%) | |||
| MP/CP | 4 (20.0) | 13 (28.3) | 0.107 |
| Bacteria | 5 (25.0) | 12 (26.1) | 1.000 |
| Other virus | 5 (25.0) | 10 (21.7) | 1.000 |
| Extrapulmonary complications, n (%) | |||
| Nervous system | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.3) | 0.868 |
| Digestive system | 8 (40.0) | 19 (41.3) | 1.000 |
| Treatment | |||
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 10 (50.0) | 3 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Length of mechanical ventilation, d (median, IQR) | 8.00 (7.00, 9.75) | 9.00 (8.00, 11.00) | 0.670 |
| Use of CPAP, n (%) | 5 (25.0) | 4 (8.7) | 0.127 |
| Use of γ-globulin, n (%) | 17 (85.0) | 33 (71.7) | 0.399 |
| Use of glucocorticoids, n (%) | 20 (100.0) | 46 (100.0) | 1.000 |
| Duration of glucocorticoid use, d (median, IQR) | 8.50 (6.75, 15.25) | 7.50 (6.00, 10.00) | 0.105 |
Data are shown as the mean (SD), median (IQR, interquartile range) or number (n, %). BO, bronchiolitis obliterans; C:M:O: Chinese:Mongolian:Other; WBC, white blood cell; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; CRP, C-reaction protein; CK-MB, creatine kinase-MB; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALB, albumin; MP, mycoplasma; CP, chlamydia; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure.