Table 2. Risk of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with rMG compared to that in patients with non-rMG.
| Outcome | Patient No. (%)a | Hazard ratio | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rMG (n = 47) | Non-rMG (n = 4,251) | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRb (95% CI) | ||
| Mortalityc | |||||
| Overall | 9 (19.1) | 402 (9.5) | 1.95 (1.01–3.78) | 2.49 (1.26–4.94) | |
| 3-yr | 3 (6.4) | 149 (3.5) | 2.03 (0.65–6.37) | 3.40 (1.05–10.98) | |
| 5-yr | 4 (8.5) | 255 (6.0) | 1.52 (0.56–4.07) | 2.17 (0.79–5.95) | |
| Myasthenic crisis | |||||
| Overall | 38 (80.9) | 1,057 (24.9) | 5.30 (3.83–7.33) | 3.14 (2.25–4.38) | |
| 1-yr | 26 (55.3) | 734 (17.3) | 4.22 (2.85–6.24) | 2.30 (1.54–3.43) | |
| 3-yr | 36 (76.6) | 886 (20.8) | 5.30 (3.80–7.40) | 2.98 (2.11–4.20) | |
| 5-yr | 37 (78.7) | 948 (22.3) | 5.31 (3.82–7.38) | 3.04 (2.17–4.27) | |
| Hospital admission | |||||
| Overall | 47 (100.0) | 3,697 (87.0) | 2.28 (1.71–3.04) | 1.54 (1.15–2.06) | |
| 1-yr | 43 (91.5) | 2,910 (68.5) | 2.33 (1.72–3.14) | 1.62 (1.19–2.20) | |
| 3-yr | 45 (95.7) | 3,366 (79.2) | 2.26 (1.68–3.03) | 1.56 (1.16–2.10) | |
| 5-yr | 46 (97.9) | 3,528 (83.0) | 2.27 (1.69–3.03) | 1.54 (1.15–2.07) | |
| Pneumonia or sepsis | |||||
| Overall | 22 (46.8) | 933 (21.9) | 2.72 (1.78–4.15) | 2.69 (1.74–4.15) | |
| 1-yr | 9 (19.1) | 285 (6.7) | 3.11 (1.60–6.03) | 3.18 (1.61–6.28) | |
| 3-yr | 17 (36.2) | 537 (12.6) | 3.29 (2.03–5.33) | 3.39 (2.06–5.57) | |
| 5-yr | 18 (38.3) | 690 (16.2) | 2.76 (1.73–4.41) | 2.92 (1.80–4.72) | |
| ED visits | |||||
| Overall | 34 (72.3) | 2,117 (49.8) | 1.96 (1.40–2.76) | 1.81 (1.28–2.56) | |
| 1-yr | 16 (34.0) | 707 (16.6) | 2.20 (1.34–3.62) | 1.97 (1.19–3.27) | |
| 3-yr | 25 (53.2) | 1,295 (30.5) | 2.13 (1.43–3.16) | 1.91 (1.27–2.86) | |
| 5-yr | 30 (63.8) | 1,664 (39.1) | 2.07 (1.44–2.96) | 1.84 (1.28–2.67) | |
rMG = refractory myasthenia gravis, HR = hazard ratio, CI = confidence interval, ED = emergency department.
aTotal percentage may not be 100 because of rounding; bAdjusted for baseline characteristics as shown in Table 1 and whether they had thymoma or thymectomy before and after the date of myasthenia gravis diagnosis; cMortality within 1-year could not be estimated owing to the cohort inclusion criterion that patients were to be followed up for at least 1-year.