Table 1.

Demographic, personal and clinical characteristics, COVID-19-related stressors and coping, psychological characteristics, social support, and quality of life of participants

Variables	n	%
Demographic characteristics
Age	29.51*	6.16†
Gender
Male	95	30
Female	221	70
Marital status
Married	126	40
Single/divorcee/widowed	190	60
Living expenses spent per month
≤3000 Malaysian ringgit	196	62
>3000 Malaysian ringgit	120	38
Personal characteristics
Level of study which the respondents were enrolled in at the university
Undergraduate course	138	44
Postgraduate course	178	56
Types of course enrolled in at the university
Medical science-based	69	22
Medicine-based	247	78
Living arrangement
Live alone/with friends	50	16
Live with family	266	84
Clinical characteristics
History of pre-existing medical illnesses
No	261	83
Yes	55	17
History of pre-existing depressive and anxiety disorders
No	301	95
Yes	15	5
COVID-19-related stressors and coping
Frustration due to loss of daily routine
No	177	56
Yes	139	44
Mean hours of online classes attended per week	5.49*	3.45†
Frustration due to study disruption
No	107	34
Yes	209	66
Was your place of living highly prevalent for COVID-19-positive cases?
No	222	70
Yes	94	30
Religion helped you to cope with stress during COVID-19?
No	101	32
Yes	215	68
Psychological characteristics
Mean DASS-21 depression subscale score	8.53*	8.37†
Mean DASS-21 anxiety subscale score	6.83*	7.98†
Mean DASS-21 stress subscale score	10.52*	8.95†
Social support
Mean family support score	22.28*	4.87†
Mean friend support score	21.68*	4.72†
Mean significant other support score	22.07*	9.16†
Quality of life
Mean physical health QoL score	75.31*	15.11†
Mean psychological QoL score	67.72*	17.14†
Mean social QoL score	68.32*	18.22†
Mean environmental QoL score	74.61*	13.68†

*Mean.

†SD.

DASS-21, 21-Item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; QoL, quality of life.