Table 4.
Comparison between groups in post-test and follow-up scores, controlling pretest scores, using ANCOVA.
| Evaluation | Outcome | Source | Type III Sum of Square | df | MS | F | p-Value | η2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post-test | PSQ Tension–Instability–Fatigue | Pretest PSQ Tension–Instability–Fatigue | 536.007 | 1 | 536.007 | 20.144 | <0.001 | 0.181 |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 172.882 | 2 | 86.441 | 3.249 | 0.043 | 0.067 | ||
| Error | 2421.378 | 91 | 26.609 | |||||
| PSQ Social Acceptance of Conflicts | Pretest PSQ Social Acceptance of Conflicts | 352.796 | 1 | 352.796 | 30.146 | <0.001 | 0.249 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 114.431- | 2 | 57.216 | 4.889 | 0.010 | 0.097 | ||
| Error | 1064.951 | 91 | 11.703 | |||||
| PSQ Energy and Fun |
Pretest PSQ Energy and Fun | 251.198 | 1 | 251.198 | 34.118 | <0.001 | 0.273 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 52.589 | 2 | 26.294 | 3.571 | 0.032 | 0.073 | ||
| Error | 669.991 | 91 | 7.363 | |||||
| PSQ Overload | Pretest PSQ Overload | 92.181 | 1 | 92.181 | 19.326 | <0.001 | 0.175 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 17.248 | 2 | 8.624 | 1.808 | 0.170 | 0.038 | ||
| Error | 434.053 | 91 | 4.770 | |||||
| PSQ Self-Fulfillment Satisfaction | Pretest PSQ Self-Fulfillment Satisfaction | 41.923 | 1 | 41.923 | 21.435 | <0.001 | 0.191 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 35.168 | 2 | 17.584 | 8.991 | <0.001 | 0.165 | ||
| Error | 177.977 | 91 | 1.956 | |||||
| PSQ Fear and Anxiety |
Pretest PSQ Fear and Anxiety | 40.719 | 1 | 40.719 | 34.263 | <0.001 | 0.274 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 1.870 | 2 | 0.935 | 0.787 | 0.458 | 0.017 | ||
| Error | 108.146 | 91 | 1.188 | |||||
| PSQ Total | Pretest PSQ Total | 4255.714 | 1 | 4255.714 | 26.222 | <0.001 | 0.224 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 1676.611 | 2 | 838.305 | 5.165 | 0.008 | 0.102 | ||
| Error | 14,768.788 | 91 | 162.294 | |||||
| Follow-up | PSQ Tension– Instability-Fatigue | Pretest PSQ Tension–Instability–Fatigue | 207.608 | 1 | 207.608 | 6.241 | 0.015 | 0.073 |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 77.888 | 2 | 38.944 | 1.171 | 0.315 | 0.029 | ||
| Error | 2628.146 | 79 | 33.268 | |||||
| PSQ Social Acceptance of Conflicts | Pretest PSQ Social Acceptance of Conflicts | 279.122 | 1 | 279.122 | 20.781 | <0.001 | 0.208 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 43.832 | 2 | 21.916 | 1.632 | 0.202 | 0.040 | ||
| Error | 1061.119 | 79 | 13.432 | |||||
| PSQ Energy and Fun |
Pretest PSQ Energy and Fun | 200.447 | 1 | 200.447 | 23.134 | 0.001 | 0.227 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 2.880 | 2 | 1.440 | 0.166 | 0.847 | 0.004 | ||
| Error | 684.514 | 79 | 8.665 | |||||
| PSQ Overload | Pretest PSQ Overload | 48.077 | 1 | 48.077 | 8.358 | 0.005 | 0.096 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 12.184 | 2 | 6.092 | 1.059 | 0.352 | 0.026 | ||
| Error | 454.429 | 79 | 5.752 | |||||
| PSQ Self-Fulfillment Satisfaction | Pretest PSQ Self-Fulfillment Satisfaction | 63.076 | 1 | 63.076 | 19.201 | <0.001 | 0.196 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 13.817 | 2 | 6.908 | 2.103 | 0.129 | 0.051 | ||
| Error | 259.523 | 79 | 3.285 | |||||
| PSQ Fear and Anxiety |
Pretest PSQ Fear and Anxiety | 26.231 | 1 | 26.231 | 17.133 | <0.001 | 0.178 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 6.806 | 2 | 3.403 | 2.223 | 0.115 | 0.053 | ||
| Error | 120.954 | 79 | 1.531 | |||||
| PSQ Total | Pretest PSQ Total | 2647.821 | 1 | 2647.821 | 12.098 | 0.001 | 0.133 | |
| CG/EG1/EG2 | 621.887 | 2 | 310.943 | 1.421 | 0.248 | 0.035 | ||
| Error | 17,290.561 | 79 | 218.868 |
Abbreviations. df: Degrees of Freedom; MS: Mean Square; η2: squared eta coefficient; CG: Control Group; EG1: Experimental Group, 4 weeks; EG2: Experimental Group, 8 weeks; PSQ: Perceived Stress Questionnaire.