Table 5.

Immune-mediated adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Organ	Occurrence with PD-(L)1 Inhibitors	Symptoms
Brain	Encephalitis < 1% Aseptic meningitis < 0.5%	Headache, changes in mental status, confusion, depressed mood, sensitivity to light, seizures, motor or sensory disturbances, meningitis, neck stiffness.
Nerves	Guillain- Barré Syndrome < 0.5% Peripheral neuropathy 16%	Muscle weakness (including eye muscles), fatigue, difficulty swallowing, paresthesia or altered sensory perception, ascending or progressive paralysis, weakness of respiratory muscles.
Skin	Rash 10% Pruritus 15% [93]	Persistent and/or severe skin rash or itching
Thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, islets of Langerhans of the pancreas	Hypothyroidism 8% Hyperthroidism 5% Adrenal insufficiency 1% Hypophysitis 1% Diabetes mellitus 1%	Fatigue, headache, changes in mental status, intolerance to heat or cold, tachycardia or bradycardia, irregularity in bowel movements, weight change, polyuria or polydipsia, blurred vision.
Lung	Pneumonitis 4%	Difficulty breathing or coughing, radiographic changes (e.g., focal morning opacity, patchy, patchy infiltrates), dyspnea, hypoxia
Liver	Hepatitis 5%	Increase in transaminases, increase in total bilirubin, jaundice, right-sided abdominal pain, fatigue.
Pancreas	Pancreatitis 3%	Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever
Intestine	Diarrhea/colitis 11%	Watery, soft, or liquid stools; diarrhea; abdominal pain; mucus or blood in the stool.