. 2021 Sep 27;18(19):10142. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910142

Table 4.

Descriptive statistics, internal consistency, predictive validity, and discriminant validity of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 and its shortened versions.

DASS versions	Samples	MD	Q1–Q3	Coefficient Alpha	Alpha-If-Item-Deleted	Item-Total Correlations	Correlation with the DASS-21	U	W	z
DASS-21	Sample 1	21	6–39.8	0.959	0.956–0.959	0.364–0.784	--	51,198.5	542,734.5	−8.098
DASS-21	Sample 2	7	2–17	0.939	0.933–0.940	0.172–0.696	--	51,198.5	542,734.5	−8.098
Korean DASS-12	Sample 1	12	5–21	0.920	0.906–0.919	0.503–0.817	0.977	50,933.5	542,469.5	−8.178
Korean DASS-12	Sample 2	5	1–10	0.879	0.856–0.881	0.366–0.765	0.970	50,933.5	542,469.5	−8.178
Osman’s DASS-13	Sample 1	12	4.3–24	0.928	0.918–0.927	0.512–0.794	0.984	50,478.5	542,014.5	−8.290
Osman’s DASS-13	Sample 2	5	1–10	0.890	0.872–0.893	0.331–0.766	0.971	50,478.5	542,014.5	−8.290
Osman’s DASS-9	Sample 1	9	3–16	0.886	0.868–0.884	0.491–0.708	0.967	50,506.0	542,042.0	−8.314
Osman’s DASS-9	Sample 2	3	1–7	0.829	0.789–0.831	0.335–0.708	0.921	50,506.0	542,042.0	−8.314
Modified DASS-9	Sample 1	10	3–19	0.939	0.928–0.936	0.683–0.830	0.977	51,697.0	543,233.0	−8.009
Modified DASS-9	Sample 2	3	1–8	0.901	0.883–0.905	0.471–0.757	0.949	51,697.0	543,233.0	−8.009
DASS-8	Sample 1	9	2–17	0.936	0.924–0.934	0.688–0.826	0.972	50,965.0	542,501.0	−8.229
DASS-8	Sample 2	2	0–7	0.905	0.888–0.900	0.625–0.756	0.929	50,965.0	542,501.0	−8.229

MD: median, Q1: first quartile, Q2: third quartile, U: Mann Whitney U test, W: Wilcoxon test, all p values < 0.001. Bolded numbers represents wll-fitting models in this big table for a better readibility.