FIG 3.

SpoVAC, SpoVAD, and SpoVAE interact in vivo. C. difficile vegetative cells transformed with the indicated plasmids were induced with 200 ng/ml of aTc for 60 min. Averages from 3 biological replicates are shown. Optical density-normalized luciferase activity (LU/OD) is shown before induction (white bars) and after 60 min (gray bars). Positive interaction was determined by comparison of LU/OD at time (T) of 60 min of transformed strains with the negative control (SmBit-LgBit). No significant difference was detected at T of 0. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.0001 as determined by one-way ANOVA using Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test.