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. 2021 Sep 28;13(19):4848. doi: 10.3390/cancers13194848

Table 1.

Protein-lncRNA interactions in melanoma.

lncRNA Expression in Melanoma a Biding Partner (s) The Effect of lncRNA-Protein(s) Interaction Mode of Action
(in cis/in trans)
References
ANRIL and
circANRIL
upregulated CBX7 (PRC1) ANRIL binds to PRC1 and represses the expression of the CDKN2A/B locus in cis [42]
CASC15 upregulated EZH2 CASC15 binds to EZH2 and together silence the expression of PDCD4 tumor suppressor gene in trans [43]
CDR1as downregulated IGF2BP3 CDR1as inhibits pro-invasive properties of IGF2BP3 which are unleashed after CDR1as loss N/A [44]
DIRC3 downregulated SOX10 acts locally to block SOX10
chromatin binding at melanoma regulatory elements and activate IGFBP5 expression
in cis [45]
FALEC upregulated EZH2 FALEC-EZH2 complex binds to p21 promoter and inhibits p21 expression in trans [46]
GAS5 downregulated E2F4 GAS5 recruits E2F4 transcription factor to EZH2 promoter, which represses EZH2 expression in trans [47]
HEIH upregulated EZH2 HEIH-EZH2 repressive complex binds to the promoter of miR-200 family tumor suppressor miRNAs in trans [48]
LNMAT1 upregulated EZH2 LNMAT1-EZH2 binds to CADM1 promoter and inhibits expression of this tumor suppressor gene in trans [49]
MIR31HG upregulated SUZ12 and
EZH2
MIR31HG binds to PRC2 represses the expression of p16 tumor suppressor gene in cis [50]
MIRAT upregulated IQGAP1 MIRAT binds to and stabilizes IQGAP1, which promotes MAPK signaling N/A [51]
PVT1 upregulated EZH2 PVT1-EZH2 binds to miR-200c promoter and inhibits expression of this miRNA in trans [52]
SAMMSON upregulated p32 SAMMSON stabilizes the mitochondrial protein p32, required for oxidative phosphorylation N/A [53]
SLNCR1 upregulated Brn3a and AR
AR and EGR1
binds to MMP9 promoter and activates MMP9 transcription
represses EGR1-inducible expression of p21
in trans
in trans
[54]
[55]
SPRY4-IT1/SPRIGHTLY upregulated lipin 2 SPRIGHTLY binding to lipin 2 blocks its phosphatidic acid phosphatase activity N/A [56]
THOR upregulated IGF2BP1 directly binds to and stabilizes IGF2BP1; this interaction promotes melanoma growth in trans [57]
TSLNC8 upregulated PP1α TSLNC8 triggers PP1α accumulation in cytoplasm which results in reactivation of MAPK signaling N/A [58]
TTN-AS1 upregulated TTN High expression of TTN-AS1 and TTN induces melanoma proliferation, and suppresses cell apoptosis, N/A [59]

a compared to healthy tissues and normal cells; N/A, not applicable.