Table 5.
Final logistic regression model for perceived large increase in isolation during COVID-19.
| OR 95% CI * Significance | |
|---|---|
| 18–34 35−44 45−54 55−69 70 and over |
1.00 1.06 (0.84−1.32) 0.96 (0.78−1.20) 0.79 (0.64−0.97) 0.59 (0.45−0.79) *** |
| Female | 1.10 (0.94−1.29) |
|
Finances meet needs (ref: Very well) Fairly well Poorly |
1.00 1.25 (1.10−1.43) ** 1.57 (1.27−1.93) *** |
| Provides care | 1.29 (1.13−1.48) *** |
|
Employment status (ref: employed including work from home) Self employed In education/training Unemployed/not working Retired Other/homemaker |
1.00 0.91 (0.69−1.19) 1.40 (1.09−1.80) * 1.09 (0.87−1.37) 0.90 (0.74−1.10) 1.44 (1.15−1.80) ** |
| Self−rated mental health (Fair/poor) | 1.25 (1.07−1.47) * |
| Self−rated physical health (Fair/poor) | 1.28 (1.08−1.52) * |
|
Sleep during COVID-19 (ref: about the same) Better than before Worse than before |
1.00 1.08 (0.85−1.38) 1.55 (1.36−1.77) *** |
|
Physical activity during COVID-19 (ref: about the same) Less than before More than before |
1.00 1.38 (1.20−1.59) *** 0.95 (0.79−1.15) |
|
Alcohol consumption during COVID-19 (ref: about the same) Less than before More than before Do not partake |
1.00 1.45 (1.18−1.78) *** 1.37 (1.14−1.65) ** 1.23 (1.05−1.43) * |
|
Pre COVID-19 video calls (ref: often) Hardly ever/never Sometimes |
1.00 0.93 (0.79−1.10) 0.98 (0.82−1.17) |
|
Satisfaction with video calls (ref: 5 (very satisfied)) 1 (very dissatisfied) 2 3 4 |
1.00 1.76 (1.35−2.28) *** 2.07 (1.69−2.54) *** 1.40 (1.15−1.71) ** 1.54 (1.31−1.81) *** |
|
Living alone and choice (ref: lives with others) Lives alone by choice Lives alone not by choice |
1.00 0.90 (0.74−1.08) 1.68 (1.29−2.20) *** |
|
Pre−COVID time alone (ref: always) Often Seldom Never |
1.00 1.56 (0.97−2.51) 2.08 (1.29−3.36) * 1.84 (1.10−3.06) * |
|
Importance of religion (ref: 1 (not at all important)) 2 3 4 5 (very important) |
1.00 1.40 (1.15−1.70) ** 1.32 (1.06−1.65) * 1.37 (1.13−1.66) ** 1.62 (1.37−1.91) *** |
|
Hospitalised with COVID-19 (ref: neither) Respondent or someone close to respondent |
1.00 0.89 (0.72−1.11) |
| Someone close to respondent died at this time due to any cause | 1.03 (0.88−1.21) |
*** = p < 0.001; ** = p < 0.005; * = p < 0.05.