Table 3.
E-cigarette use and subsequent smoking cessation in cohort studies
| Association with smoking cessation | Participants | Number of studies (adjusted) | Risk difference | Odds ratio | Certainty of evidence | Downgrading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RD (95% CI)* | OR (95% CI) | |||||
| Full material | 39147 | 18 (14) | -0.01 (-0.03–0.02) | OR 0.99 (0.78–1.33) AOR 0.95 (0.70–1.28) |
Very low (⊕) | -1 risk of biasa -1 inconsistencyb,c -1 imprecisiond,e |
| Short follow-up (≤6 months) | 3474 | 3 (4) | 0.03 (0.00–0.05) | OR 1.49 (1.04–2.13) AOR 0.99 (0.69–1.44) |
Very low (⊕) | -1 risk of biasa -1 inconsistencyb -1 imprecisione |
| Long follow-up (>6 months) | 36029 | 16 (12) | -0.01 (-0.03–0.02) | OR 0.96 (0.74–1.24) AOR 0.96 (0.70–1.33) |
Very low (⊕) | -1 risk of biasa -1 inconsistencyb,c -1 imprecisiond,e |
| <18 years | 331 | 3 (0) | -0.12 (-0.25–0.01) | OR 0.93 (0.40–2.14) AOR Not available |
Very low (⊕) | -2 risk of biasa,f -1 material with several limitationsb,d,g,h |
| ≥18 years | 35275 | 14 (12) | -0.01 (-0.03–0.01) | OR 0.96 (0.73–1.25) AOR 0.96 (0.70–1.33) |
Very low (⊕) | -1 risk of biasa -1 inconsistencyb,c -1 imprecisiond,e |
| Women | 0 | 0 (1) | Not available | OR Not available AOR 0.94 (0.74–1.19) |
Very low (⊕) |
-1 risk of biasa -1 imprecisione -1 material with several limitationsf,g |
| Men | 0 | 0 (1) | Not available | OR Not available AOR 1.00 (0.79–1.27) |
Very low (⊕) |
-1 risk of biasa -1 imprecisione -1 material with several limitationsf,g |
*
Calculated from unadjusted values. OR: unadjusted odds ratio. AOR: adjusted odds ratio.
a
Material with several deficits and limitations.
b
The confidence intervals of individual studies include 1.0, indicating no statistically significant association.
c
The odds ratios of individual studies show associations in different directions.
d
The pooled estimate for the unadjusted results includes 1.0, indicating no statistically significant association.
e
The pooled estimate for the adjusted results includes 1.0, indicating no statistically significant association.
f
Unadjusted analyses are not available.
g
The analysis is based on a limited number of studies.
h
The analysis is based on few participants.