Table 2.
Comparisons of the baseline demographic and characteristics between participants in the Mindful Awareness Practice (MAP) and Health Education Program (HEP) Arms (N = 55).
| Baseline Demographics and Characteristics | MAP, Treatment; n (%) or Mean (SE) (n = 28) | HEP, Control; n (%) or Mean (SE) (n = 27) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | 71.89 (1.14) | 70.67 (1.19) | 0.46 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 8 (28.60%) | 6 (22.20%) | 0.59 |
| Female | 20 (71.40%) | 21 (77.80%) | |
| MCI subtypes | |||
| aMCI | 13 (46.40%) | 8 (29.6%) | 0.27 |
| Non-aMCI | 15 (53.6%) | 19 (70.4%) | |
| Years of Formal Education | 5.27 (5.02) | 3.44 (4.27) | 0.16 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Chinese | 27 (96.40%) | 27 (100%) | 1.00 |
| Indian | 1 (3.60%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Others | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Employment Status | |||
| Retired | 14 (51.90%) | 11 (40.70%) | 0.14 |
| Full-time worker | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Part-time worker | 0 (0%) | 4 (14.80%) | |
| Housewife | 13 (48.10%) | 12 (44.40%) | |
| Marital Status | |||
| Single | 1 (3.70%) | 0 (0%) | 0.29 |
| Married | 18 (66.70%) | 14 (51.90%) | |
| Divorced | 2 (7.40%) | 1 (3.70%) | |
| Widowed | 6 (22.20%) | 12 (44.40%) | |
| MMSE (Total Scores) | 24.59 (0.63) | 24.70 (0.75) | 0.91 |
| GDS | |||
| <5 | 18 (64.30%) | 22 (81.50%) | 0.15 |
| ≥5 | 10 (35.70%) | 5 (18.50%) | |
| Attendance rate (%) | 88.6 (12.48) | 87.0 (19.11) | 0.77 |
| Total number of metabolic disorders | 1.44 (0.22) | 1.52 (0.16) | 0.79 |
| Presence of diabetes | 6 (22.2%) | 8 (29.6%) | 0.76 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.76 (0.85) | 24.06 (0.67) | 0.53 |
| Total number of chronic diseases | 2.04 (0.33) | 2.85 (0.25) | 0.66 |
| Total number of medications taken | 2.89 (0.44) | 2.96 (0.39) | 0.90 |
| Total number of participants taking psychotropic medications | 1 (3.70%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
Abbreviations: aMCI = amnestic MCI; non-aMCI = non-amnestic MCI; BMI, body mass index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; clinical cut-off for GDS is 5, with those ≥5 suggesting probable depression.