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Mechanisms of DNA methylation under epigenetic dysregulation in MDS. Under normal circumstances, IDH1/2 promotes the TET2 genes to perform the conversion of 5-mC to 5-hMC, triggering DNA methylation. However, IDH1/2 mutations are often seen in MDS causing the inhibition of TET2, resulting in global hypomethylation but loci-specific hypermethylation.
