Figure 3.
Effect of empagliflozin on HepG2 hepatocytes. HepG2 cells were exposed to glucose (5 mM or 25 mM), 1.5 mM oleic acid (OA) together with 500 nM empagliflozin treatment for 2 days. (A) Determination of cell viability assessed by WST-1 kit. (B) Quantification of intracellular lipid accumulation using Oil Red O staining was performed and (C) representative images are shown. The bar indicates 200 μm. (D) Detection of senescent cells evaluated on senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and (E) representative images are shown. The bar indicates 200 μm. (F) Changes of mRNA level of senescence marker p21Waf1. The results are derived from at least three independent experiments run in triplicates. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.