Figure 10.

Effect of XG treatment on ZO-1 expression. OVA-challenged nasal mucosa exposed a evident decrease of ZO-1 expression (G, histological score N) compared to the sham animals (A–F, histological score N); XG-based spray treatment meaningfully preserved ZO-1 expression (H,I, histological score N) as well antihistamine (K, histological score N) and mast cell stabilizer (J, histological score N) treatments. A quantitatively more substantial effect was obtained from the co-administration of XG and antihistamine (L, histological score N) as well as corticosteroid administration (M, histological score N). Data are representative of at least three independent experiments. Values are means ± SEM. One-Way ANOVA test. *** p < 0.001 vs. Sham; °°° p < 0.001 vs. AR + vehicle.