AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ALS	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AMD	Age-related macular degeneration
AP-1	Activator protein 1
APE1/Ref-1	Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/reduction-oxidation factor 1
APX2009	(E)-N,N-diethyl-2-((3-methoxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)methylene)pentanamide
APX2014	(E)-N-methoxy-2-((3-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)methylene)pentanamide
APX3330	(2E)-2-[(4,5-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl)methyelene]-undecanoic acid
ARE	Antioxidant response element
ARPE-19	Adult retinal pigment epithelium-19
AUC	Area under the curve
BER	Base-excision repair
BMI	Body mass index
CA9	Carbonic anhydrase 9
CBF/NF-Y	CCAAT-binding factor
CCL20	C-C motif chemokine ligand 20
CI	Cell index
CIPN	Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
CNS	Central nervous system
CREB	cAMP-responsive element (CRE)-binding protein
CXCR4	CXC motif chemokine receptor 4
DME	Diabetic macular edema
DR	Diabetic retinopathy
ECFCs	Erythroid-colony-forming unit cells
ECM	Extracellular matrix
EMSA	Electrophoretic mobility shift assay
ERK	Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase
HEY-C2	Ovarian cancer cell line
HIF-1	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1
HIF-1α	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α subunit
HIF-1β	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 β subunit
HO-1	Heme oxygenase 1
HRECs	Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells
HSF-1	Heat shock factor 1
HUVEC	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
ICAM-1	Intracellular adhesion molecule 1
IBD	Inflammatory bowel disease
IKK	IκB kinase
IL-1β	Interleukin 1β
IL-6	Interleukin 6
IL-8	Interleukin 8
IP	Intraperitoneal
IVT	Intravitreal
JAK/STAT	Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription
LC-MS/MS	Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
L-CNV	Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization
MCP-1	Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MPP+	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
mtDNA	Mitochondrial DNA
MTF-1	Metal regulatory transcription factor 1
NF-κB	Nuclear factor κ light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NPDR	Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy
NPM1	Nucleophosmin 1
Nrf1	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
nvAMD	Neovascular age-related macular degeneration
OCT	Optical coherence tomography
oxLDL	Oxidized low density lipoprotein
PBPK	Physiological-based pharmacokinetic
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PDAC	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
PDGF-B	Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B
PDR	Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
PI3K/Akt	Phosphoinositide-3-kinase
PEBP-2	Polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2
Rf/6a	Macaque choroidal endothelial cell-like cell line
ROP	Retinopathy of prematurity
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RPE	Retinal pigment epithelium
RVECs	Retinal vascular endothelial cells
SKOV-3X	Human ovarian cancer cell line
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TF(s)	Transcription factor(s)
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TUNEL	Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VE-PTP	Vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase
VHL	Von Hippel–Lindau
YY1	Ying yang-1