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. 2021 Sep 27;22(19):10419. doi: 10.3390/ijms221910419

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Photography of PA-containing plants. All pictures above show PA-containing plants mentioned in the text of this manuscript and are obtained from open access publications as referenced [37,38,262,263,264,265,266,267]. Symphytum officinale (syn. Symphytum peregrinum), Petasites hybridus (syn. Petasites officinalis), Tussilago farfara (syn. Tussilago alpestris), and Jacobaea vulgaris (syn. Senecio jacbaea) are native to Europe. Senecio scandens (syn. Senecio chinensis) has a native range from China to Indo–China and Central Malesia, meanwhile that of Crotalaria juncea (syn. Crotalaria fenestrate) is from Afghanistan to Indo-China. Ageratum conyzoides (syn. Ageratum album) mostly distributes in Tropical America, whereas Borago officinalis (syn. Borago hortensis) originates from the Mediterranean region.