Maternal C-peptide and ISHOMA, but not maternal BMI or leptin, associate with n-3 PUFA. Measures of maternal obesity (BMI) (A), adiposity (leptin) (B) and of the glucose–insulin axis (glucose, C-peptide, and ISHOMA) (C–E) were categorized into tertiles and the estimates compared to the reference category: BMI < 25 kg/m2, leptin < 8.5 ng/mL, glucose < 4.28 mmol/L, C-peptide < 315.4 pmol/L, ISHOMA > 0.85. SFA: sum of 14:0, 16:0, and 18:0; MUFA: sum of 16:1, 18:1, and 22:1; n-3 PUFA: sum of 18:3, 20:3, 20:5, 22:5, and 22:6; n-6 PUFA: sum of 18:2, 18:3, 20:3, 20:4, 22:2, 22:4, and 22:5. Model adjusted for gestational age (days), maternal age (years) and processing time (minutes). * Statistically significant difference after correction for multiple testing (FDR = 0.2).