Table 2.

Summary of hPSC-derived liver disease models.

Diseases	Modeling Strategies	Applications
Familial hypercholesterolemia	HLCs from patient-derived iPSCs	High-throughput drug screening [47]; Preclinical drug efficacy evaluation [48]
mtDNA depletion syndrome	HLCs and liver organoids from patient-derived iPSCs and gene-corrected counterparts	Disease mechanism investigation [49]
	HLCs from genetically engineered iPSCs (DGUOK deficient)	High-throughput drug screening [50]
Wilson’s disease	HLCs from genetically engineered hPSCs (mutations in the ATP7B gene)	Preclinical drug efficacy evaluation [51]; Disease features modeling [52]
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1	HLCs from genetically corrected patient-derived iPSCs	Therapeutical gene correction [53]
Congenital hepatic fibrosis	HLCs from genetically engineered iPSCs (PKHD1 knockout)	Disease mechanism investigation [54]
Urea cycle disorders	Liver organoids from patient-derived iPSCs andthe gene-corrected counterpart	Therapeutical gene correction [55]
Liver steatosis	HLCs cultured in monolayers	Disease mechanism investigation [56]
	Liver organoids	Anti-steatosis drug screening [57]; Disease features modeling [34]
	Multicellular liver organoids from patient-derived iPSCs	Modeling the progressive features of steatohepatitis [43]
	Liver organoids-on-a-chip system	Modeling the features of fatty liver using bioengineered systems [58]
	Biofabricated human fatty liver tissue with SIRT1 knock down hiPSC-derived HLCs	Investigating the effects of a specific gene [59]
HBV infection	HLCs infected with HBV	Novel antiviral agent identification [60]
	Liver organoids infected with HBV	Recapitulating virus life cycle and hepatic dysfunction in 3D organoids [61]
	Chimeric mice engrafted with hiPSC-HLCs	Antivirals evaluation in vitro and in vivo [62]
HCV infection	Chimeric mice engrafted with hPSC-derived hepatic lineages	Long-term infection of multiple HCV genotypes [63]