Table 1.
Functional interactors involved in the procoagulant and anticoagulant functions of thrombin.
| Cofactor | Interactor/Substrate | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Heparin-like glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) | Antithrombin III | Thrombin inhibition |
| Heparin-like glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) | Heparin Cofactor II | Thrombin inhibition |
| - | Fibrinogen | Conversion to fibrin |
| Fibrin | Factor XIII | Activation to factor XIIIa, critical for stabilization of the clot through covalent cross-linking of the fibrin polymers |
| Thrombomodulin | Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) |
Activation of TAFI |
| Thrombomodulin | Protein C (PC) | Activation to activated protein C (APC) that inactivates cofactors Va and VIIIa |
| Platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα (GpIbα) | PAR-1 | Cleavage of the platelet receptor PAR-1, resulting in platelet activation |
| Platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα (GpIbα) | Factor XI | Activation to factor XIa, stimulating its own generation |
| - | Factor V | Activation to factor Va, stimulating its own generation |
| - | Factor VIII | Activation to factor VIIIa, stimulating its own generation |