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. 2021 Oct 2;22(19):10691. doi: 10.3390/ijms221910691

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Representative electron microscopic images of the basement membrane of endoneurial capillaries in vehicle-treated diabetic ((a), arrows) and PACAP-treated diabetic ((b), arrowheads) groups. Histogram (c) shows the thickening of the basement membrane of the endoneurial capillaries in vehicle-treated control, PACAP-treated control, vehicle-treated diabetic, and PACAP-treated diabetic groups. Data are shown as means ± SEM of n = 5/6 rats/group, *** p < 0.001 vs. vehicle-treated control groups.