Figure 2.

Forest plots of risk ratios (RR) for: (A) any grade trAEs; (B) trAEs grade >3; (C) Grade 5 trAEs; and (D) AEs leading to treatment discontinuation in patients treated with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy compared to platinum-based chemotherapy. Estimate, RR; CI, confidence interval. Treatments are ordered from top to bottom by lower to higher RR in each MA. Black squares indicate the weight of each RCT in the MA. The black rhomb indicates the weighted overall RR for immunotherapy versus chemotherapy. The I² index values measuring the heterogeneity of effect-size estimates from the individual studies in MAs A to D correspond respectively to: (I² = 74.15%, p = 0.002); (I² = 61.78%, p = 0.023); (I² = 0%, p = 0.954); and (I² = 67.83%, p = 0.008).