Table 1.
Relationship between PAD and risk factors divided by gender. Logistic regression model with OR and CI 95% of the potential variables associated with PAD.
| Male | Female | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-PAD (n = 640) |
PAD (n = 55) |
Total (n = 695) |
OR * (95% CI: **) | p a | Non-PAD (n = 461) | PAD (n = 18) |
Total (n = 479) |
OR (95% CI: **) | p a | |
| Non-smoker | 237 (37.0%) |
6 (10.9%) |
243 (35.0%) |
1 | <0.001 | 320 (69.4%) |
7 (38.9%) |
327 (68.3%) |
1 | 0.02 |
| Former smoker | 299 (46.7%) |
29 (52.7%) |
328 (47.2%) |
3.8 (1.6–9.40) | 0.003 | 96 (20.8%) |
6 (33.3%) |
102 (21.3%) |
2.9 (0.9–8.7) |
0.065 |
| Active smoker | 104 (16.3%) |
20 (36.4%) |
124 (17.8%) |
7.6 (3.0–19.5) |
<0.001 | 45 (9.8%) |
5 (27.8%) |
50 (10.4%) |
5.1 (1.5–16.7) |
0.007 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors n (%) | ||||||||||
| Diabetes | 141 (22.0%) |
20 (36.4%) |
161 (23.2%) |
2.0 (1.1–3.6) |
0.017 | 43 (9.3%) |
4 (22.2%) |
47 (9.8%) |
2.8 (0.9–8.8) |
0.083 |
| Dyslipidemia | 293 (45.8%) |
26 (47.3%) |
319 (45.9%) |
1.1 (0.6–1.8) |
0.831 | 215 (46.6%) |
10 (55.6%) |
225 (47.0%) |
1.4 (0.6–3.7) |
0.459 |
| Hypertension | 340 (53.1%) |
28 (50.9%) |
368 (52.9%) |
0.9 (0.5–1.6) |
0.752 | 181 (39.3%) |
12 (66.7%) |
193 (40.3%) |
3.1 (1.1–8.4) |
0.026 |
| Chronic Renal Disease | 37 (5.8%) |
3 (5.5%) |
40 (5.8%) |
0.9 (0.3–3.2) |
0.920 | 8 (1.7%) |
0 (0%) |
8 (1.7%) |
0 | 0.9 |
| Cardiac Ischemia | 59 (9.2%) |
9 (16.4%) |
68 (9.8%) |
1.9 (0.9–4.1) |
0.092 | 6 (1.3%) |
1 (5.6%) |
7 (1.5%) |
4.5 (0.5–39.1) |
0.177 |
| Cerebrovascular Events | 31 (4.8%) |
3 (5.5%) |
34 (4.9%) |
1.1 (0.3–3.8) |
0.840 | 16 (3.5%) |
0 (0%) |
16 (3.3%) |
0 | 0.9 |
| Anthropometric measurements mean (SD) | ||||||||||
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 102.4 (SD 11.0) |
103.6 (SD 9.4) |
102.5 (SD 10.9) |
1.01 (0.99–1.04) |
0.410 | 95.1 (SD 12.1) |
102.4 (SD 15.9) |
95.3 (SD 12.3) |
1.05 (1.01–1.09) |
0.018 |
Data are expressed as n (%) or mean (standard deviation); * OR: odds ratio; ** CI: confidence interval; a Wald test’s p-values of logistic regression.